28 PASTURE STUDIES: SOME RESULTS. 
The difference in the development of this grass on Areas 1-4, 
on none of which had it been sown, is even more striking than 
that of Cynosurus cristatus. At 54 years its percentage frequency 
was 2-3 on Area rt and 18-9 on Area 2, and on the latter area it 
increased to 21-2 at 64 years. There was a great decrease in the 
following year, but then again it remained practically constant 
until another sudden decrease occurred at ro} years, and by this 
time there was little difference between Area 2 and Area 3 at 9} 
years, but the grass had now a considerably lower P.c. fr. than on 
Area 4 at 134 years. 
The grass probably does not survive a period of cultivation 
to any great extent either bodily or as dormant seeds (17), (3), 
but its “seed” is apparently fairly well suited to rapid dispersal 
both by wind and animals. Since it occurs in considerable 
quantity on the uncultivable ground adjoining Areas 2 and 4, this 
ground probably formed a very effective seed-distributing centre, 
and this may be the chief cause of its great abundance on Area 2 
io the early part of its history. Areas 1 and 3 were much more 
remote from this uncultivable land. 
A gradual decrease from the high percentage frequencies of 
Area 2 at 54 and 64 years might be expected in subsequent years, 
but the sudden decrease from 21-2 at 65 years to 11-3 at 74 years is 
difficult to explain. A dresssing of Basic Slag was appiied to the 
area at 5 years, but this was followed by a slight increase at 54 
years. The manure may have a slight encouraging effect on the 
grass itself, but this may be so much greater on other plants as 
to put this grass at a disadvantage in competition. This theory 
is not borne out by other results obtained.? 
A small amount of seed was included in the seeds-mixture 
for Area 6, but not in that for Area 7. The seeding seems 
to have been very effective, as the grass formed a very much 
larger proportion of the herbage of the pasture,on the former 
10Qn Area 6, the grass decreased somewhat in the year immediately 
following the application of Slag, and increased slightly in the following year. 
The ultimate effect of Slag on the grass is in some cases at least relatively very 
small, See (23). 
