42 PASTURE STUDIES: SOME RESULTS. 
Carum Petroselinum (Exotic). 
This was also sown on Areas 6 and 7 at the rate of 2lb. per 
acre, but the plant was not recorded in the examinations. 
Plantago lanceolata. 
The seed of this plant has often been included in seeds- 
mixtures on this farm (Table I., p. 4), and it was included in those 
for Areas 3, 5 and 7, and also probably in that for Area 4. Its 
seed is also often found in samples of Z7ifolium pratense secd (8), 
(II), (14), so that probably a small amount would be introduced 
in this way. 
Its Sp. fr. was quite low on Area x both at 34 and at 4} 
years, and in spite of the fact that it had been sown on Area 3 its 
Sp. fr. was considerably lower on this area than on Area 2, where 
it had not been sown. On Area 5, where also it had been sown, 
its Sp. fr. was only 23 at rod years, as compared with 27 on Area 2 
at the corresponding period. Its extreme development, however, 
was on Area 4, where it had a Sp. fr. of 81 at 134 years. 
Stapledon found this plant to occur in some quantity as an 
arable land weed, and in considerable abundance in pastures of 
less than a year old (‘‘seeds”) (17), but Brenchley found its seeds 
quite unimportant amongst buried weed seeds (3). It is quite 
possible, therefore, that the relative abundance of the plant on 
Area 2 is due to the imperfect cleaning given to the land. It is 
surprising, however, to find that the seed sown had been relatively 
so ineffective on Areas 3 and 5. 
On Area 7 a seeding of 3lb. per acre was considerably more 
effective, as here there was a Sp. fr. of 26 at 44 years as compared 
with a Sp. fr. of 6 on Area } at 54 years, where the seed had not 
been sown. As shown by a Sp. fr. of ro for Area 8 (old grass- 
heath), the plant was more or less indigenous to these areas.? 
Achillea Millefolium. 
The seed of this plant was not sown on any of the present 
areas, and it had not been sown on the farm until some time after 
these areas had been laid down to grass. It is not included by 
'Qn Area 8 it was chiefly found along sheep tracks. 
