44 PASTURE STUDIES: SOME RESULTS. 
eradicated, although no cleaning crop had been taken. On 
Area 1, which had been partly under a cleaning crop, it had a 
Sp. fr. of only 2 both at 3} years and at 4% years. It is rather 
surprising, therefore, to find that on Area 3, which had been 
entirely under a cleaning crop, it had a Sp. fr. of 41 at 7k years. 
In fact, it was probably only slightly less prevalent on this area 
than on Area 2, which had not been even partly under a cleaning 
crop. The development of the plant on Area 2 was, however, 
very rapid. There isa very marked difference between this area 
at 54 years and Area 1 at 44 years, but this would naturally be 
assumed to be due to the difference in cultivation were it not for 
the results for Area 3, and the results for Areas 4 and 5 would 
not contradict this conclusion as each of these had been partly 
under a cleaning crop. 
If we assumed that for some unknown reason? the develop- 
ment of the plant on Area 3 was abnormal, the other results would 
be straight-forward. They would show that under the conditions 
prevailing for Areas 1-5 the plant is strongly indigenous, and that 
although the land may be put partly under a cleaning crop the 
plant may be very prevalent on relatively young pastures, but that 
where the land is not even partly put under a cleaning crop its 
development is very rapid, its Sp. fr. rising from 39 at 5$ years to 
76 at 104 years. 
On Area 3, however, the effect of a thorough cleaning was 
exceedingly small. 
Under the conditions prevailing on Areas 6-8 on the other 
hand, its appearance may be delayed very considerably even 
though the land is not put under a cleaning crop. 
Other results mentioned show that in some cases at least the 
inclusion of the seed in the seeds-mixture may be very effective 
where the land is thoroughly cleaned, and that with low quantities 
of seed, the distribution of the plant in the young pasture bearsa 
definite relationship to the amount of seed sown. In some cases, 
however, the inclusion of the seed may be ineffective. 
} The seed of the plant never occurs in any appreciable quantity in other 
seed samples (8), (II), (14). 
