xvi INTRODUCTORY LESSONS. 
there is-usually a bud, or branch, or a flower at the base-of a ‘leaf -be- 
tween it and the stem from which it grows. 
Buds and flowers at the ends of stems or branches, are Terminal ; 
when between the stems and leaves, Avillary. 
Examine the leaf of a Violet or Pansy. You can readily distin- 
guish three parts: A broad Blade; a stem or Petiole, and a pair of appen- 
dages at the base of the petiole called Stipules. The latter in the Pansy 
are leaf-like. Sometimes they are mere scales, and frequently there are 
none at all. The petiole may be wanting, also; the leaf is then said to. 
be Sessile. Leaves with but one blade are— 
Simple Leaves. The illustrations (Figures 18 to 32) show the 
principal forms of simple leaves or leaflets of compound leaves. Care- 
fully compare the blades of your leaves with these shapes. If the leaf 
in hand does not correspond with any of the figures, you may describe it 
by combining the descriptive words, or by adding a word. A leaf, for 
exainple, too broad to be lanceolate, and narrower than ovate, if about 
half way between the two forms, is Ovate-lanceolate or Lance-ovate; the 
_ first, if nearer ovate; the latter, if nearer lanceolate. Or, if merely a lit- 
tle broader than lanceolate, we may say it is Broadly-lanceolate ; when more 
slender, Narrowly-lanceolate ; if slender and nearly as broad in the middle 
as nearer the base, it is Linear-lanceolate, etc. So, too, there are interme- 
18 19 
Forms or Leavrs.—18. Linear. 19. Oblong. 20. Elliptical. 21. Orbicular. 22. Peltate 
(Shield-shaped). 238. Hastate (Spear-shaped). 24, Sagittate (Arrow-shaped). 
diate forms described by such terms as: Oblong-lanceolate ; Narrowly-ellip- 
tical; Broadly-elliptical—which approaches orbicular; Broadly-cordate— 
