INTRODUCTORY LESSONS. xix 
base of the leaf. Fig. 40 represents a pinnately lobed leaf; Fig. 438, 
palmately lobed. When leaves are deeply lobed, as in Figures 41 and 44, 
they are said to be Parted. Divided leaves are cut quite to the midrib if 
pinnately divided, or to the end of the petiole when palmately divided. 
Cleft leaves have the sinuses between the lobes sharp as in Fig. 38. When 
leaves are pinnately cleft about half way to the midrib they are said to be 
Pinnatifid. If the lobes are pinnatifid it is described as Bipinnatifid. It 
is common to give the number of lobes in the descriptive phrase, as pin- 
nately nine-lobed (Fig. 40); pinnately eleven-parted (Fig. 41); palmately 
five-lobed (Fig. 43); palmately five-parted (Fig. 44). 
Compound Leaves have distinctly separate leaflets usually jointed 
to a common petiole, just as simple leaves are jointed tothe stem. A leaf 
is Pinnate, when the leaflets grow 
along opposite sides of the petiole 
(Fig. 42); Palmate, if they all grow 
from the end of the petiole (Fig. 
46). Fig. 45 represents a pinnately 
3-foliolate leaf; Fig. 46, palmately 
3-foliolate. When there is no odd 
leaflet at the end the leaf is ab- 
ruplly pinnate. Leaves may be 
twice, thrice, etc., compound, that &, 
is, the leaflets may be compound 
as in some acacias. 
_ Bracts are leaves among flow- 
ers, or small undeveloped leaves 
anywhere on the stem. 
Stipules may be adnate to 45. Biunstaly 3-foliolate leaf a Danclie with 
r 5 small stipules. 46. Palmately or digitately 3-foliolate 
the base of the petiole, as in the leaf of a true clover, the broad adnate stipules lacerate. 
rose and clover (Figures 45, 46); they may grow on the stem; or, as in 
some plants of the Buckwheat Family the stipules form a sheath surround- 
ing the stem at the base of the petiole. Do not mistake the first leaves 
of a growing axillary bud for stipules. 
Venation of Leaves. All the leaves thus far described are said 
to be Netted-veined or Reticulated, because their skeletons of wood fiber 
