8 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. 
well to read the description of 
Trientalis, that you may know it 
when found. 
When you get a head of the 
purple-blue flower; of Brodiceu 
capitata, figured on page xxiv of 
‘this book, it will be the proper 
time to study the figures on this 
page, and what is here said about 
the genus they illustrate. 
Upon p. 113 you will find the 
species grouped under three sub-genera or sections. 
Figures u, d, and ¢ illustrate the first, ¢ the sec- 
ond, and } the third. The species belonging to 
the first section are arranged under two heads 
marked by asterisks, and those under the first head 
are under subheads marked by daggers. Npecies 4 
and 5 closely resemble number 6, which is put un- 
der a different head, because it has six true or 
} anther-bearing stamens instead of three stamens 
and three staminodia. Fig. a shows that three of 
the filaments came near being antherless. Petaloid 
x a : staminodia replace these small stamens in species 
open, with pistil and section of mature 4 44 5, and the fertile stamens are without the 
capsule. b. Two segments of the perianth 2 
of B. lactea and the pistil. ¢. Perianth and Winglike appendages shown in Fig. u. Observe 
pistil of B.laxa. d. Bud and flower of B. that the staminodia in one of these species are 
terrestris. ¢. Same with perianth luid cleft, The first three species have flowers resem- 
opens i the pistils bling the one shown in Figs. d and e, in which 
the staminodia (opposite the outer segments of the perianth) are not petaloid, but 
resemble true stamens. Observe that the first species is distinguished by staminodia not: 
notched at the top as shown in the figure. The species in § Seubertia resemble the first 
three in general appearance, but the stamens and pistils are very different, as is shown 
by: Fig. «. Observe that the stamens have versatile instead of basifixed anthers; and the 
ovary is upon a stipe, instead of being sessile. Douglas’ Brodisa, of Oregon, is like 
Fig. c, only the base of the perianth is broader, the upper row of stamens have broad 
bases, the stipe is shorter and the flowers are on short pedicels, so as to form a sub- 
capitate umbel. The most common species of the third section is the White Brodiza. 
Fig. b shows a part of the flower. 
The middle figure on the next’ page represents a plant, the curious cup-like leaves of 
which must have attracted your attention. The leaf cups are frequently much larger than 
here shown, and borne upon stems afoot or morein height. Though the flowers are small, 
a. Perianth of Brodiwa capituta laid 
