RHAMNACEH, (BUCKTHORN FAMILY.) 35 
stipe, 2-celled; style short; fruit a broadly winged orbicular samara, 2-seeded. Flowers 
small, greenish-white, in terminal cymes or compound corymbs. 
1. P. angustifolia, Benth. A shrub 5 to 25 ft. high, with chestnut colored punc- 
tate bark; leaves 3-foliolate. 
Orper 17. CHLASTRACEA. 
Suffiiciently characterized by the genus 
1. HUONYMOUS, Tourn. 
Sepals and petals 4 or 5, widely spreading; Stamens as many very short on an angled 
disk; ovary immersed in the disk, 3-5-valved, colored, often warty. Fruit a red aril. 
Shrubs, with 4-angled branches, opposite petioled exstifulate serrate smooth leaves, and 
flowers in loose cymes on axillary peduncles. 
1. HE. occidentalis, Nutt. 7 to 15 ft. high; leaves ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 
acuminate, serrulate, 2 to 4 inches long; peduncles 1-4-flowered; flowers dark reddish- 
brown, 4 to 6 lines in diameter, the parts in fives. 
‘Ornper 18. RHAMNACEA. 
Shrubs or small trees, with simple undivided leaves, small and often caducous stipules, 
and small regular flowers, the stamens borne on the calyx and alternate with its lobes; 
ovary 2 to 4-celled. Flowers often apetalous; a conspicuous disk adnate to the short tube 
of the calyx; petals often clawed; style or stigma 2-4-lobed; fruit berry-like or dry, con- 
taining 2 to 4 seed-like nutlets. 
Calyx and disk free from the ovary; filaments short; fruit berry-like.....Rhamnus. 1 
Calyx and disk adherent to the ovary; filaments long; fruit dry........ Ceanothus, 2 
1 RHAMNUS, L. 
Small greenish flowers; calyx 4-5-cleft, with erect or spreading lobes, the campanulate 
tube persistent; petals 4 or 5 or none, on the margin of the disk; claws short; stamens 4 
or 5; leaves evergreen. 
§ 1. Flowers diecious, apetalous, solitary or fascicled in the azils, 
1, R. crocea, Nutt. Much branched, 3 to 15 ft. high; leaves coriaceous, oblong 
or obovate to obicular, 3 to 18 lines long, acutely denticulate, usually yellowish brown or 
copper-colored beneath; fruit red. 
§ 2. Flowers mostly perfect in pedunculate cymes, 
2. R, Californica, Esch. Spreading 4 to 18 ft. high; leaves ovate-oblong to ellip. 
