BUBIACEH. (MADDER | 65 
long leaves, mostly entire; and 2-bracteo’ve flowers in axillary and terminal clusters; 
rarely solitary. 
1, S. racemosus, Mich. Erect, smooth; corolla very villous within. 
2. S. mollis, Nutt. Low, diffuse or decumbent, softly pubescent; leaves small; 
gorolla slightly villous. 
2. LONICERA, L, HoNEYSUCELE. 
Corolla tubular, the tube commonly gibbous at the base and irregularly lobed. Stamens 
5 inserted on the tube of the corolla. Style filiform; stigma capitate, 
1, L. hispidula, Dougl. Stems disposed to twine; leaves mostly oval, the lower 
short petioled, the upper pairs commonly connate; foliaceous stipule-like appendages 
between the leaves common; flowers sessile in a terminal head, pink or yellowish; berries 
red or orange. Variable. 
2. 4. involucrata, Banks. An erect shrub, 4 to 10 ft. high; leaves ovate-oblong 
to broadly lanceolate, short-petioled; flowers a pair on axillary peduncles; below them a 
conspicuous involucre of 4 bracts, tinged with red or yellow; berries purple-black. 
Orper 29. RUBIACEZ:. 
Known by having opposite entire leaves with intervening stipules, or whorled leaves 
without stipules, along with an inferior ovary and regular 4-5-merous flowers 3 the teeth 
of the calyx sometimes wanting. Stamens alternate with the lobes of the corolla and 
borne on its tube, distinct. 
1, CEPHALANTHUS, L Burron-BusH. 
Flowers in a dense spherical head. Calyx inversely pyramidal, 4~5-toothed. Corolla 
with a long, slender tube and a small 4-cleft limb. Stamens 4, borne on the throat of the 
sorolla, short. Style very long and slender.—Shrub with opposite leaves and stipules, 
or in whorls of 3or4. Peduncles axillary; flowers white. 
1. C. occidentalis, L. Leaves ovate or lanceolate, 3 to 5 inches long; flower heads 
an inch in diameter. 
2. GALIUM, L. CLEAVERS. 
Limb of the calyx obsolete. Corolla rotate, 4-parted, rarely 3-parted. Styles 2 
Ovary 2-lobed. Fruit twin, biglobular. Herbs, sometimes woody at the base, witb 
square stems, whorled leaves and minute flowers. 
Leaves in fours, hispid, ovate .......... 0. .ce cscs eee ecnsen nes G. Californicum, 1 
Leaves in fours and pairs, smooth.............cc cee ceeeeecceeveees G. Nuttallii, 2 
Leaves somuly. in whorls of eight........ a EWGIR® OUNCR SES Wise ae dace G. Aparine, 3 
