CAMPANULACEH, (BELLFLOWER FAMILY.) 67 
of which grow within the limits of this Flora. Although the flower headsare frequently 
large, the separate flowers, with but few exceptions, are too small to be examined with- 
out the aid of a microscope skillfully used. The order is, therefore, far too difficult for 
the beginner. 
ORDER LOBELIACEZH. Downingia elegans, Torr., and D. pulchella, Torr., are two beautiful plants 
(the flowers resembling the cultivated Lobelias) sometimes cultivated under the name Clintonia, which 
properly belongs to an endogenous herb, The former has light blue flowers; the latter, deep azure- 
blue; both with white or yellowish centers. May be found in wet places. 
Oxprr 32. CAMPANULACEA. 
Herbs with alternate leaves without stipules and regular flowers, having the calyx 
adnate to the ovary, distinct stamens (5, rarely 4) inserted with the corolla, alternate 
with its lobes.—Calyx persistent. Stamens with introse anthers, opening in the bud. 
Style single, its upper portion beset with hairs which collect the pollen, its summit 2-5- 
lobed or cleft. 
* Ovary and capsule long and narrow. 
_ Capsule opening at the top; calyx-lobes long...............esceeeeceee Githopsis. 1 
Capsule opening by 2 or 3 holes on the sides...............20--00- ....Specularia. 2 
* * Ovary and capsule short and broad, or globular. 
Capsule bursting indefinitely; calyx-lobes broad.............0e0--- Heterocodon. 3 
Capsule opening on the sides by 3 to 5 holes; calyx-lobes narrow....... Campanula. 4 
1. GITHOPSIS, Nutt. . 
Flowers all alike. Calyx with « clavate 10-ribbed tube, and 5 long and narrow folia- 
ceous lobes, Corolla tubular-campanulate, 5-lobed. Filaments short, dilated at the base. 
Ovary 3-celled; stigmas 3. Capsule strongly ribbed, crowned with the rigid calyx-lobes 
of its own length or longer, opening between them by a round hole. 
1. G. specularioides, Nutt. An inch to a span high; leaves lanceolate-oblong or 
linear, sessile, coarsely toothed; flowers erect, deep blue, usually with a white center; 
the ovate lobes of the corolla about equaling the rigid calyx-lobes. 
2. SPECULARIA. Heister. 
Flowers in our species of two kinds; the lower and earlier usually with no corolla, 
Calyx-tube prismatic or elongated-obconical; the lobes 5, narrow. Corolla short and 
broad, rotate when fully expanded, 5-lobed. Stigmas 3or2. Capsule opening by round 
holes on the sides. 
1, S. biflora, Gr. Stems slender; leaves sessile, ovate or oblong, crenately toothed, the 
upper reduced to lanceolate bracts; flowers 1, rarely 2, in each axil, nearly sessile; the 
