68 RUBIACER. 
> RUBIACER. 
A shrub with opposite or whorled leaves: flowers in globular heads........ vesecceees A 
Herb with opposite leaves: flower parts in 4’s (rarely 3’s or 5’s): fruit bristly.......--. 2 
Herbs with whorled leaves: stems square: flowers 3-4-merous: fruit biglobular........ 3 
1. CEPHALANTHUOUS, Linnzus. 
L ©. occidentalis, L. Corolla narrow funnelform, white, 4-lobed, (Button-bush.) 
2. KELLOGGIA, Torrey. 
LK. galioides, Torr. Corolla funnelform, 3 or 4 lines long, pinkish or white. 
3. GALIUM, Linnans. 
Fruit dry: leaves all in 4’s, or the upper in paira.....eceeesececeeceeeee 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 
leaves mostly in 6’s (some in 4’s, 5’s or 8’s)..... asayslaigeaieroiarsdnrereigine 1, 5, 6, 7 
Fruit juicy: perennials with leaves in 4’8...........00 siineiNeathewmemnce ewer 10 to 14 
: Aparine, L. Retrorsely hispid: leaves in 6’a and 8’s: fruit erect. 
bifolium, Watson. Smooth: alternate leaves shorter: peduncles solitary, 
Kamtschaticum, Steller. Leaves orbicular to oblong-ovate, 3-nerved. 
boreale, L. Leaves narrow, 3-nerved: flowers white in terminal panicles. 
trifidum, L, Leaves slender, obtuse, 4 to 7 lines long: flower parts often in 3's, 
asperrimum, Gr. Leaves lanceolate, 6 to 12 lines long, cymes dichotomous, 
triflorum, Michx. Sweet scented: corolla greenish or yellowish: cymes 3-rayed. 
angustifolium, Nutt. Smooth, woody at base, rigid: fruit long-bristly. 
. multiflorum, Kellogg. Tufted, a foot high or less: leaves ovate. 
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G. pubens, Gr. Grayish, much branched: leaves broad, 6 lines long or less. 
li. G. Californicum, H. & A. Similar: leaves hispid-ciliate. Coast Range. 
12. G. Nuttallii, Gr. Tall, mostly smooth: leaves small, oval or narrower. 
13. G. Bolanderi, Gr. Mostly smooth: corolla dull purple: berry white. 
14. G. Andrewsii, Gr. Matted tufts 2 to 4 inches high, leaves crowded, narrow, 
shining, sharp. 
VALERIANACER. 
Calyx-limb of plume-like lobes, inrolled until fruiting: leaves lobed or parted......... 1 
Calyx-limb none: flowers in dense terminal clusters: leaves simple.........0.0+05 ween B 
1. VALERIANA, Tournefort. 
1, V. sylvatica, Banks, Stem leaves 3-11-foliolate: corolla 2 or 3 lines long. 
2. V. Sitchensis, Bong. Mora robust: stem leaves 3-5-foliolate: corolla larger. 
