230 WILD WHITE CATTLE. 



leg, from the knee downwards, mottled with black. 

 The cows seldom have horns ; their bodies are thick 

 and short, their limbs stouter, and their heads rounder 

 than in the ChiUingham breed, with small turn-up 

 horns. In October, 1874, there were about thirty 

 animals in this park, including one bull, and in a 

 field near the park with similar pasturage were 

 fifteen bulls and steers, along with one old cow and 

 a young heifer — in all_forty- five head. In June, 1877, 

 the number had increased to fifty-six.* 



*Chaiitley Park, Staffordshire, nearly 1000 

 acres in extent, the property of Earl Ferrers, was 

 formed by inclosing part of the Forest of Needwood 

 by charter of Henry III. "About this time (32, 33 

 Hen. III., that is, 1248-9)," says Sir Oswald Mosley, 

 " some of the wild cattle of the country which had 

 hitherto roamed at large in the Forest of Needwood 

 were driven into the park at this place, where their 

 breed ia stUl preserved, "t Erdeswick, who began his 

 "Survey of Stafibrdshire " about 1593, speaks of it 

 as very large, and having therein red-deer, fallow- 

 deer, wild beasts {i.e., cattle) and swine. In an old 

 " Account Book of the Steward of the Manor of 

 Chartley, Praeses, Com. Ferrers," is the following 

 entry : 



" 1658. P^ a moytie of the charge of mowings, makings, and carry- 

 ing of hay for ye wild beasts — £z js. yd." 



In this herd, the usual average number of cattle, 

 which were white with black ears, is said not to have 



* A. H. Cocks, The Zoologist, 1878, p. 283. 

 t "Hist. Tutbnry, co. Stafford" (1832). 



