through life. The nest in such birds is a real, though 

 temporary, home in the very strongest sense of the word. 



In those animals that have homes in which the young- 

 are reared it is true, also, that there is a better opportunity 

 for the growth of the sympathetic instincts between 

 parents and offspring. The home becomes a center of 

 attraction. It is easy to see, therefore, that home making 

 for care of offspring is a great step in the development of 

 social instincts as against the purely selfish instincts. 

 Many illustrations might be mentioned, but it is among 

 the birds and man that we find this idea developed at its 

 best. In many species of ants and bees we have most 

 elaborate homes, but these are the homes of societies or 

 colonies rather than of families. Such social insects 

 illustrate a very striking form of home, therefore. The 

 termites, or white ants, most of the wasps, some of the 

 spiders, and some of the burrowing mammals as moles, 

 rodents, etc., extend the list of those animals that make 

 homes. 



3 .The Home Idea among Men. The earliest traces 

 we have of human homes on the earth were caves, which 

 man found and adapted to his needs. Later he made 

 excavations of his own in the hillsides, as did the cliff 

 dwellers of the western United States. Thatched cabins 

 and other primitive forms of structure have been known 

 in all parts of the world. The physical structure of the 

 home, however, is not an essential. It may be a cave or 

 a tree or a hut or a palace — the biological facts underlying 

 it are the same. These facts are protection from the 

 elements, and from wild beasts; defense from other men; 

 a place to keep food and other essential property; a 

 place for sleep and rest and for companionship with 

 mates; conditions suitable for the protection and rearing 

 of the children. 



From the viewpoint of these studies we are chiefly 

 interested in the home as one of the factors in human 

 mating and reproduction. This long period of helplessness 

 in the human child makes it essential that the parents 

 remain together and work more or less as a unit in the 

 task of care and education. As society improves and the 

 child needs to know more in order to succeed, this need 

 becomes still more real. 



The increase in efficiency in homes makes it unnecessary 

 to produce so many offspring, since the better they are 

 cared for in the dangerous period of infancy, the more 

 will survive. Furthermore, those that do survive profit in 

 the effectiveness of their own life by the improved life and 

 attention of the parents. 



4. Development of Marriage. The various kinds of 

 relations that have existed between men and womcvn in 

 what we know of human history are closely related to this 

 matter of homes. The mother who bears the children and 

 nourishes them in infancy is naturally the very center of 

 the home. The parental instinct is proverbially strong in 

 her. Primitive man resorted often to violence to secure 

 a woman for his home. She was kept in a sort of slavery 

 or serfdom. She bore the children and did much of the 

 work for their support. As time went on, all sorts of 

 experiments in sex relationship were tried by the human 

 race, depending on the supply of food and on the social 

 and moral advancement of the people. For example, the 

 race has tried several husbands for one wife (polyandry), 

 several wives for one husband (polygamy), one husband 

 and one wife (monogamy), capture marriages, marriage 

 by consent of parents, marriage by consent of mates, 

 political marriages, religious marriages, romantic or love 

 marriages. 



A great many biological as well as social and moral 

 considerations point to the permanent monogamous 

 marriage as the most successful possible solution of this 



relation, from the point of view of producing and 

 protecting and educating offspring. This test is the real 

 final test of its rightness. True permanent homes are 

 essential to proper rearing and development of children. 

 Real homes cannot be developed other than by full 

 devotion of both parents to the task and to each other. 



5. The Ideals of the Human Home. It is clear that a 

 real home means a permanent, faithful devotion of the 

 parents to the task of producing and rearing children. It 

 means that each must deserve and have the complete 

 confidence of the other. Such close relations demand 

 confidence. The welfare of the children equally demand 

 it. It is not enough that the mother should be faithful and 

 pure. It is just as bad and vicious for a man to be 

 unfaithful to this ideal of the home as it is for the mother 

 to be. Unless both are faithful, it is not possible to raise 

 children in an atmosphere of truth and social and moral 

 health. 



It is not sufficient to right homes merely that parents 

 be true to it and to one another; they must educate their 

 children in the same ideals. One day these children will 

 be making homes of their own and it is very essential that 

 pure homes continue in the next and later generations. 

 Young people who are not pure and clean before marriage 

 are not true to this ideal of a home, for neither a man nor a 

 woman who before marriage indulges in sexual 

 intercourse can be an honest and perfect unit in a home. 

 This is condemned by our history, by our laws, by morals, 

 by religion, and by science. 



6. Chivalry in Man. Men as a whole have not taken a 

 manly position in this matter of sex purity. Men have 

 said: "We insist that the woman we marry shall be pure 

 and clean; but it is not so bad for a man to be impure as 

 for a woman to be. We, therefore, will allow ourselves 

 more freedom than we will allow to our wives and 

 mothers and sisters." 



In the olden days it was the ambition of the real knight 

 to use every opportunity to befriend and aid and protect 

 the weak. The good old word chivalry has come down 

 to us from those times. There is no boy with the instincts 

 of a man who would not protect his sister or his 

 sweetheart from a licentious man. Any knightly man 

 would die to defend the honor of any woman who, in any 

 way, looked to him for protection. Does not this same 

 spirit say to us as young men that we in our turn will 

 protect every woman just as we would our mother or 

 sister, even from ourselves? Is it not a part of the honor 

 of every boy in school to protect the honor of every girl 

 in school just as though she were his own sister? Can we 

 really be men and do any less? 



The purity and fineness of the families of the next 

 generation depend on the chivalry of the boys of today 

 and the purity of the girls of today. The quality of the 

 family life determines the whole social and moral structure 

 of the nation. 



CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE. 



GROWING UP. 



1. In the Simplest Forms. Thus far we have spoken 

 about the process of reproduction and the work of the 

 parents. There is another very interesting side to the 



