RED PHALAROPE.. | 15 
Migration range.—Enormous flocks of the red phalarope have been 
noted on, the Atlantic. Ocean during both spring and fall migration. 
These flocks are common and regular around Newfoundland; become 
less common southward off the coast of Maine; and are rare off the 
coast of Massachusetts, except when driven inshore by storms. The 
red phalarope swims as lightly and easily as. any duck, and during 
migration has been noted repeatedly gathering its food from the 
surface of the ocean. Indeed, it seems to have an aversion to land , 
except during ‘the breeding season. ‘The. migration route by which 
these flocks of red phalarope pass | south after they leave Massa- 
chusetts i is unknown. ‘The species is. known only as a rare straggler 
on the coast « ‘of the United States south | of Long Island, and as 
already remar di is not recorded from the West Indies nor from the 
east coast of outh America north of Argentina. On the Pacific 
coast the species is an abundant breeder in Alaska, and the flocks 
pass along the coast, of ‘California both spring and fall, after which 
they can no longer be traced. A, few occur on the coast of Lower 
California, and the species is a rare straggler to the coast of Chile. 
The principal winter home, .of the thousands of birds reared each 
season in arctic, America remains yet to. be determined. 
The red, phalarope occurs as a rare ‘straggler i in the interior of the 
United States in migration, and has been recorded . from Illinois, 
Indiana, Ohio, “Michigan, Ontario, Wisconsin, ‘Minnesota, Kansas, 
and Wyoming. The first and only record for Colorado is that of a 
single specimen taken by Edward A. Preble, of the. Biological Survey, 
July : 25, 1895, near Loveland. 
Spring migration. —Some early flocks appeared. off the coast of 
North Carolina the first, week in April, 1896 (Thayer) ; ‘most of the 
migration 0 on the coas of Massachusetts occurs during May, especially 
May 20-30; ‘the first appeared \ June 2, 1820, on Melville Island, lati- 
tude 74° N. (Parry) » and June By 1852 (Armstrong) , near the same 
locality ;. on June 18,. 1883, the first was seen at Fort Conger, Elles- 
mere Island, latitude, g1° 40’ N, (Greely) ; and on. June. 20, 1876, 
the species ‘appeared 1 degree farther, ‘north, on the same island 
(Feilden). Even considering the Ist of May as the time of arrival 
on the “Massachusetts coast, which i is probably too early, there are 
left. only fifty days for the 3, 000-mile trip from Massachusetts to 
Ellesmere Island, an average rate of migration of 60 miles per day, 
which is ‘exceeded by. very few species. In spring migration the red 
phalarope has been noted | on the coast of California from April 3 to 
June 3 (Kaeding), and reached Point Barrow, Alaska, June 4, 1882, 
and. ‘May 30, 1883 (Murdoch). . 
Eggs hae been. taken in Greenland June 3-28 (Hagerup); near 
Fort Anderson June. 27 (MacFarlane) ; and at St. Michael June 8 
(Nelson). 
