46 NORTH AMERICAN SHOREBIRDS. 
Semipalmated Sandpiper. Ereunetes pusillus (Linn.). | 
Breeding range.—The semipalmated sandpiper breeds in Ungava 
at Okak (Crandall) and south to Fort George (Drexler), and also on 
the Barren Grounds from Hudson Bay (Eifrig) west to Franklin Bay 
(MacFarlane), along the Arctic coast: to Kotzebue Sound, Alaska 
(Grinnell), and south on the western coast of Alaska to St. Michael 
(specimens in United States National Museum). 
Winter range.—It winters mainly in eastern South America, south 
to Patagonia (latitude 43° S.) (Seebohm), and thence north through 
Central America and the West Indies to eastern Mexico (Sumichrast), 
southern Texas (Refugio County; Carroll), Florida Scott), and the 
coast of Georgia (Helme) and South Carolina (specimen in United 
States National Museum). 
Migration range.—The semipalmated ‘sandpiper is a rare spring 
but an abundant fall migrant along the whole Atlantic coast. Itisa 
common fall migrant through the Bermudas (Hurdis), Bahamas 
(Bryant), and the West Indies east of Cuba. It is common both 
spring and fall in the Mississippi Valley, becoming less common west- 
ward to the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains, and west of the 
mountains to western British Columbia (Brooks), Sitka, Alaska (Bis- 
choff), Cook Inlet (Chapman), Norton Sound (McGregor), St. Paul 
Island (Palmer), and the coast of northeastern Siberia (Nelson). It 
has occurred in migration on the coast of Peru (Salvin). ' 
Spring migration. —Almost all the spring records for the Atlantic 
coast are in May, while migration in the Mississippi Valley begins i in 
April: Camden, Ind., average of three years April 21, earliest, April 
18, 1886 (Groningen); Keokuk, Iowa, average of eight years April 
30, earliest April 19, 1898 (Currier); Fort Lyon, Colo., April 25, 1886 
(Thorne); Indian Teed, Saskatchewan, May 16, 1892 (Mncoun): Fort 
Chipewyan, Alberta, May 24, 1901 (Preble); Great Bear Lake, Mac- 
kenzie, May 24, 1826 (Richardson) ; Kowak River, Alaska, May 29, 
1899 (Grtimellt Nonbreeding birds are found here and there in 
summer from Wisconsin (Kumlien and Hollister). to Massachusetts 
(Howe and Allen). 
Eggs have been taken at Fort George, Ungava, June 24, 1860 
(Drexler); Franklin Bay, Mackenzie, June 30, 1864 (young July 5, 
1865), (MacFarlane); St. Michael, Alaska, June 9, 1880 (specimens 
in United States National Museum); and young just hatched at Cape 
Blossom, Alaska, June 30, 1898 (Grinnell). 
Fall migration.—Like so many other sandpipers the semipalmated 
begins to move south so early that it appears in the United States in 
July; southern Mississippi, average of three years July 16, earliest 
July 10, 1905 (Brodie and Kopman); Fernandina, Fla., July 14, 1906 
(Wi orthington); Porto Rico, August 11, 1901 Bawdish: La Guaira, 
* Venezuela, August 10 (Robinson and Richmond), and Marajo, Brazil, 
