96 NORTH AMERICAN SHOREBIRDS. 
Turnstone. Arenaria interpres (Linn.). 
Breeding range.—The turnstone inhabits nearly the whole of the 
Eastern Hemisphere and a small part of the Western. It breeds 
along the whole Arctic coast of Europe and Asia and south toJapan 
and the islands in the Baltic Sea. It ranges eastward across Bering 
Strait at least to. Point Barrow, Alaska (Stone), and breeds south to 
the mouth of the Yukon (Nelson) and on the islands of St.- Lawrence 
(Nelson) and St. Matthew (Elliott) in Bering Sea. Its range to the 
northeastward in North America has not yet been definitely settled. 
Two specimens from the west coast. of central Greenland have been 
identified by W. Palmer as interpres. No specimens' were exam- 
ined by him from any point between Greenland and the Anderson 
River, Mackenzie; the specimens from this latter place are certainly 
morinella. Where the dividing line between the two forms runs is 
not certain, but since the birds of eastern Ungava are morinella, it 
is probable that this is the form occurring ‘on the islands near the 
Arctic coast of North America and equally probable that the records 
on the islands northwest of Greenland should be referred to interpres. 
The species has been recorded along the whole west coast of Green- 
land, and was found breeding at Disco Bay (Kumlien) and on the 
eastern and northern coasts of Ellesmere Island. almost, to latitude 
83° (Feilden). The turnstone, therefore, is one of the most. northern 
breeding of all, birds. On the eastern coast of Greenland it ranges 
at least as far north as Sabine Island, latitude 74° (Winge). 
_ Winter range.—The species winters, on the coasts of: nearly the 
whole of the Eastern Hemisphere frone Europe and Asia to southern 
Africa, Australia, and the islands of the Pacific, Indian, and eastern 
Atlantic oceans, . Ms . 
Spring migration.—The species arrived in the Aleutians at Unalaska 
May 19, 1890 (Palmer).. As it winters in Hawaii (Henshaw), and is 
not known on the coast of. the mainland south of Alaska, it is prac- 
tically certain that these Unalaska birds make the journey of 2,000 
miles.in a single flight from Hawaii:to the Aleutians. Other dates 
of spring arrival are: Mouth of the Yukon, May 19, 1879 (Nelson); 
Nulato, Alaska, May 23, 1868 (Dall); Point Barrow, Alaska, June 
12, 1882 (Murdoch), June 12, 1883 (Murdoch), and May 29, 1898 
(Stone). ‘The dates of arrival northwest of Greenland are May 27, 
1876, at Cape Henry (Hart), and June 2, 1883, at Cape Baird 
(Greely), each near latitude 82°, 0: te, Gee 
Eggs were ‘taken July 30, 1876, at Discovery Bay, Ellesmere 
Island, 81° 40’ N. (Hart), and young were already on the wing July 
9, 1883, at Fort Conger (Greely), a few miles distant. — Downy 
young were taken June 4, 1898, at Point Barrow, Alaska (Stone). 
Fall migration.—The first arrived on the Pribilof Islands July 2 
(Elliott), and after the middle of the month were abundant. The 
