RUDDY TURNSTONE. 97 
last ones noted were: Depot Point, Ellesmere Island, latitude 82° 
45’ N., September 11, 1875 (Feilden); Point Barrow, Alaska, August 
29, 1882 (Murdoch), and September 4, 1897 (Stone); Nushagak, 
Alaska, September 21, 1902 (Osgood). A specimen is reported 
taken September 8, 1904, at Pacific Beach, Calif. (Bishop), and one 
September 8, 1892, on Monomoy Island, Massachusetts (Bishop). 
Ruddy Turnstone. Arenaria interpres morinella (Linn.). 
Breeding range.—Undoubted breeding records of the ruddy turn- 
stone are very rare. It nested on the Lower Anderson and Franklin 
Bay (MacFarlane), and specimens of the breeding birds have been 
identified as morinella. Some form of the turnstone, probably 
morinella, breeds on Melville Island (Sabine), on Melville Peninsula 
(Parry), and at Bellot Strait (Walker), but its identity has yet to be 
determined by the examination of specimens. Ba 
Winter range.—The turnstone of the Western Hemisphere ranges 
south in winter to central Chile—at least to Talcahuano (Sharpe) 
and probably to Valdivia (Boeck)—and to Sao Paulo in Brazil 
(Ihering). It winters on the coasts of northern South America, in 
the West Indies, Central America, Mexico, and north to the coast of 
South Carolina (Coues), Louisiana (Beyer), Texas (Merrill), and in 
California at least as far north as San Francisco (Mailliard). 
Spring migration.—The turnstone, notwithstanding it winters so 
far north, is a late migrant. The probable explanation is that its 
breeding grounds in the far north are not ready for occupancy until 
nearly midsummer. It was seen May 7, 1906, on Pea and Bodie 
‘islands, North Carolina (Bishop). The average date of arrival on 
Long Island, New York, is May 16, earliest May 12, 1897 (Scott); 
eastern Massachusetts, May 5, earliest May 1, 1892 (Mackay); Erie, 
Pa., May 24, 1893 (Todd). It appears to be rare in spring north of 
Maine on the Atlantic coast. 
The species is rare in the interior of the United States, but has been 
noted a few times in nearly every State east of the Rocky Mountains. 
Some dates of arrival are: Starke County, Ind., May 20, 1888 (Butler); 
Oberlin, Ohio, May 16, 1901 (Jones); southern Ontario, average May 
27, earliest May 24, 1900 (Nash); Leech Lake, Minn., May 24, 1903 
(Currier); Indian Head, Saskatchewan, May 15, 1892 (Macoun); 
Fort Chipewyan, Alberta, May 25, 1901 (Preble); Fort Resolution, 
Mackenzie, June 1, 1860 (Kennicott); Fort Simpson, Mackenzie, 
May 29, 1904 (Preble); Fort Anderson, Mackenzie, June 10, 1864 
(MacFarlane); Winter Island, Melville Peninsula, June 14, 1822 
(Richardson). 
It was found off the coast of Venezuela, July 2, 1892 (Hartert), 
July 7, 1895 (Robinson), and early July, 1901 (Clark). A few are 
‘said to remain all summer on Carriacou Island, West Indies (Wells). 
'$6595°—Bull. 35—12-—-7 
