FRAZAR OYSTER-CATCHER. 99 
the entire summer, but is not known to breed (Grinnell).. The pres- 
ence of these nonbreeding birds prevents accurate. observations on 
the arrival of the first migrants from the north, but it seems probable 
that early in July some appear on the coast of central California, and 
the species was seen August 6, 1902, on the Coronados Islands, Lower 
California (Grinnell and Daggett). The last leave the delta of the 
Yukon about the middle of September (Nelson) and Nushagak, 
Alaska, September 22, 1902°(Osgood). 
European Oyster-catcher. Hexmatopus ostralegus Linn. 
The southwestern coast of Greenland has been visited several times 
by the European oyster-catcher, once as far north as Godthaab, lati- 
tude 64° (Winge). It is not certainly known to breed there, but its 
breeding range extends from Iceland and western Europe to Turke- 
stan and from southern Europe to the Arctic coast. It winters from 
central Europe to central Africa and to western India. 
Oyster-catcher. Hzxmatopus palliatus Temm.. 
The oyster-catcher ranges south to Santa Catharina, southern . 
Brazil (Sharpe), and to Arauco in central Chile (Sharpe). It 
occurs throughout most of the West Indies and Central America 
and along both coasts of Mexico—on the west coast north to the 
Tres Marias (Nelson). On the Atlantic coast it is resident as far 
north as South Carolina (Coues), and formerly was common on the 
Virginia coast (Bailey), and bred at Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey 
(Wilson). There are a few records for the coast of Massachusetts 
(Brewer) and one at Grand Manan, New Brunswick (Boardman). 
At the present time it is rare or accidental north of Virginia, though 
a flock of about 20 was seen July 20, 1907, at Digby, Nova Scotia, 
by W. H. Osgood, of the Biological Survey. It is still resident on the 
coasts of Louisiana and Texas. 
It breeds throughout most of its regular range and probably most 
individuals are nonmigratory. The few that migrate along the south- 
ern Atlantic coast perform their short migrations principally in 
March. Eggs were taken at Corpus Christi, Tex., in 1882, April 
' 6t027 (Goss). Eggs are recorded in Florida from April 10 to May 6; 
and they have been collected on the islands of the Virginia coast 
from May 3 to July 12. 
Frazar Oyster-catcher. Hzxmatopus frazari Brewst. 
The Frazar oyster-catcher is apparently nonmigratory, and is the 
common breeding bird of both coasts of southern Lower California, 
whence it ranges along the whole west coast of the peninsula and north 
to San Diego (Cooper), the coast of Ventura County (Evermann), and 
the Santa Barbara Islands (Cooper), casual on the coast of Sinaloa, 
Mexico (Nelson and Goldman). In the northern part of its range 
it is not so numerous as bachmani, whose range overlaps ‘that of 
