228 CATTLE 



Associations for the promotion of Galloways were first organized 

 in 1862 in Scotland, although Aberdeen Angus were registered 

 with the Galloways in the first four volumes of the herdbook. 

 Then came a breed separation, and later, in 1877, followed the or- 

 ganization of the Galloway Cattle Society, with the first Galloway 

 herdbook appearing in 1878. The American Galloway Cattle 

 Breeders' Association was formed at Chicago on November 23, 

 1882, although ten years previous to this the Ontario Galloway 

 Stock Register of Pure Bred Galloways had been established by 

 the Agricultural and Arts Association of Ontario. The first 

 American herdbook, known as the North American Galloway 

 Herdbook, ^-SiS published in 1883, since which, up to 1905, there 

 have been published fifteen volumes, showing 27,000 registrations. 



The characteristics of the Galloway. This breed in general 

 appearance is short of leg and close to the ground, is polled, black 

 of color, has very thick long hair, especially in winter, and is 

 somewhat longer of body and flatter of rib than the Aberdeen 

 Angus. Without going into general details, certain features of 

 the breed demand special consideration. The head in a good 

 type should be polled and absolutely free from scurs or abortive 

 horns, the poll being less peaked than in the Aberdeen Angus. 

 There should be strong breadth between the eyes, with shortness 

 from eyes to end of muzzle, which should be large with ample 

 nostrils. The ear, Wallace, the Scotch author, states, is set rather 

 farther back than in most breeds and should point upward and 

 forward. A fine, broad, pointed ear covered with long hair is 

 characteristic. The body of the Galloway is somewhat cylindrical 

 and has considerable length. The nimp is long and the hind 

 quarter is usually well developed, especially in the lower thigh. 

 In quality the breed is superior, for the bone is reasonably fine, 

 the skin mellow, and the hair very fine, silky, curly, and long. 

 The color is generally black, though a brownish or reddish tint 

 frequently occurs in the black, and is regarded by some as an 

 indication of purity. White or other color is a disqualification. 

 Formerly the breed varied in color, when there were brindles, 

 dun-colored, or drab, and some with white spots. About 1835 

 Youatt wrote that dark colors were uniformly preferred from the 

 belief that they indicate hardiness of constitution. 



