STEMS. 



39 



(5) The flower-bud scar, a concave impression, to be found in the 

 angle produced by the forking of two twigs, which form, with the 

 branch from which they spring, a Y-shaped figure. 



(6) (On a branch larger than the twig handed round for individual 

 study) the mode of origin of the twigs from the branch ; — make a 

 separate sketch of this. 



The portion of stem which originally bore any two pairs of leaves is 

 called a node, and the portions of stem between 

 nodes are called internodes. 



Describe briefly in writing alongside the 

 sketches any observed facts which the draw- 

 ings do not show. 



If your twig was a crooked, rough-barked, 

 and slow-growing one, exchange it for a smooth, 

 vigorous one and note the differences. Or if 

 you sketched a quickly grown shoot, exchange 

 for one of the other kind. 



(6) 



(c) 



Answer the following questions : 

 (a) How many inches did your twig grow 

 during the last summer ? 

 How many in the summer before ? 

 How do you know ? 

 How many years old is the whole twig 



given you ? 

 How were the leaves arranged on the 



twig ? 

 How many leaves were there ? 

 Were they all of the same size ? 

 What has the mode of branching to do 

 with the arrangement of the buds ? with the 

 flower-bud scars ? 



{d) The dots on the leaf-scars mark the 

 position of the bundles of ducts and wood-cells 

 which run from the wood of the branch 

 through the leaf-stalk up into the leaf. 



59. Twig of Beech. — Sketch a vigorous young twig of beech in its 

 winter condition, noting particularly the respects in which it differs 

 from the horse-chestnut. Describe in writing any facts not shown in the 

 sketch. Notice that the buds are not opposite, nor is the next one above 



Fis. 23. —A Quickly grown 

 Twig of Cherry, witli 

 Lateral and Terminal 

 Buds in October. 



6 sc, bud-scale scars. All 

 above these scars is the 

 growth of the spring and 

 summer of the same year. 



