192 



ELEMENTS OP BOTAJSfY. 



while, therefore, for the student to ask himself some such 

 questions as these : ^ 



(1) Why is the pulp of so many fruits eatable ? 



(2) Why are the seeds of many pulpy fruits bitter or other- 

 wise unpleasantly flavored, as in the orange ? 



Fig. 179. — I, Barbed Points from Fruit of Beggar's Ticks, magnifleii eleven times. 

 II, Hook of Cocklebur, magnified eleven times ; III, Beggar's Ticks Fruit, natural 

 size ; IV, Cocklebur Hook, natural size. 



(3) Why are the seeds or the layers surrounding the seeds 

 of many pulpy fruits too hard to be chewed, as in the date 

 and the peach ? 



(4) Why are the seeds of some pulpy fruits too small to be 

 easily chewed, as in the fig and the currant ? 



(5) Account for the not infrequent presence of currant 



1 See Kerner and Oliver, vol. 11, pp. 442-450, and Phytobiotogy (second paper), by 

 Prof. W. F. Ganong, Bulletin No. 13 of the New Brunswick Natural History Society, 

 St. John, N. B. 



