ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 



Poi/TPETALOUS. Flowers haring distinct petals. 

 Stamens on receptacle (hypogynous). 



Numerous, and all floral organs distinct (RanunculaceSB), Crowfoot 



FamUy, 22. 

 4 long and 2 short (sometimes fewer) ; petals 4 (Craciferse), Mustard 



Family, 24. 

 Few and definite ; flowers regular .... (Caryophyllacese), 



Pink Family, 20. 

 5 ; flowers irregular .... (ViolaceK), Violet Family, 32. 

 Numerous and with the filaments united .... (Malvacese), 

 Mallow Family, 31. 

 Stamens on calyx (perigynous). 



Carpels fewer than sepals ; leaves without stipules (Saxifragacese), 



Saxifrage Family, 26. 

 Carpels 2 or more (genus Prunus only one) ; leaves with stipules 

 (Rosacese), Rose Family, 27. 



Carpel 1 (Leguminosae), Pulse Family, 29. 



Stamens on ovary (epigynous) (Umbelliferse), Parsley Family, 34. 



[Near thiB come Evening Primroses, Cornels, and Gourds.] 

 Gamopetalous. Petals united into a cup or tuhe. (A few have also dis- 

 tinct petals.) 

 Ovary free from calyx. 

 Corolla regular. 

 Ovary deeply 4-lohed . (Borraginaceaa), Borage Family, 39. 

 Ovary 2-oelled, filled with ovules (Solanacese), Nightshade 

 Family, 42. 



[Near this are Morning-glories, Phloxes and Gentians.] 

 Ovary 1-celled, stamens opposite corolla-lobes (Primulacese)) Prim- 

 rose Family, 38. 

 Corolla irregular. 

 Ovary deeply 4-lobed .... (Labiatse), Mint Family, 40. 

 Ovary entire, 2-celled (Scrophulariacese), Figwort Family, 43. 

 Corolla regular or irregular. 

 Ovary usually with as many cells as the corolla has lobes, anthers 

 opening by a hole at the apex of each cell (Ericacese), Heath 

 Family, 36. 

 Ovary adnate to calyx. 



Stamens distinct, on corolla ; leaves opposite, without stipules (Capri- 



foliacefe). Honeysuckle Family, 46. 



Stamens distinct, on corolla, leaves opposite, with stipules, or whorled 



without them . . . (Rubiaoese), Madder Family, 44. 



Stamens distinct, not on corolla (Ericacese), Heath Family, 36. 



Stamens united by their anthers; flowers in heads (Compositse), 



Composite Family, 48. 



