V.mx. 

 V.md. 

 Vll.hd. 



Fig. 36. — The central nervous system and principal nerves of a frog, 

 seen from below. — Partly after Ecker. 



1 1 1 1 1 1 tt.-X., Cranial nerves; 1-10, spinal nerves; V.md,, V.mx., V.op. t mandibular, 

 maxillary, and ophthalmic branches of fifth cranial nerve ; VI'. s sixth cranial 

 nerve after leaving the prootic ganglion ; Vll.k., and Vll.md., hyoidean and 

 mandibular branches of hyomandibular nerve; VII. ka , f/A^a/.,hyomandibular 

 and pilatine branches of seventh cranial nerve ; IX-, branch fr>>m ninth cranial 

 nerve to seventh ; IX"., main branch of ninth cranial nerve ; X.v., tenth cranial 

 nerve passing to viscera; V.x., a small twig from the undivided main branch 

 of the fifth cranial nerve ; X.x., a branch from the vagus to certain muscles ; 

 an.V., annulus of Vieussens, through which the subclavian artery passes ; br., 

 brachial nerve ; _/!/., filum terminale ; G.g., Gasserian-geniculate or prootic 

 ganglion; ky.n., hypoglossal (first spinal) nerve; inf., infundibulum ; pit., 

 pituitary body; r.c, ramus communicans ; sci.n., sciatic nerve; sy.c, longi- 

 tudinal commissure of sympathetic chain; sy.g., sympathetic ganglion ; v.g., 

 vagus ganglion. 



