APPENDIX 569 



"liver,'' "intestine"; mandibular muscles, longitudinal 

 muscles (Fig. 160). 



In an injected specimen, 1 similarly opened, note : 

 ophthalmic, antennary, gastric, and dorsal abdominal arteries 

 (Fig. 160). Press apart organs and note : hepatic arteries, 

 sternal artery (Fig. 161). 

 53. Remove the heart and genital gland. Cut through the 

 oesophagus and hind gut and very carefully remove the 

 alimentary canal under water. In the removed canal note : 

 oesophagus, "cardiac" and "pyloric" regions, mesenteron, 

 with caecum, "liver," joining mesenteron by a short duct, 

 hind gut (Figs. 159, 161). 



6. Examine the removed genital gland and its ducts (Figs. 168, 

 169). 



1. Remove carefully the longitudinal muscles, leaving the nerve 

 cord behind. Cut through the false bottom of the thorax. 

 Whiten the nerve cord with 90 per cent, alcohol. Note : 

 green glands, with their sacs ; cerebral ganglion, circum- 

 oesophageal commissures, subcesophageal ganglion, ventral 

 nerve cord, with its ganglia ; sternal artery (Fig. 165). 



10. Examine under a microscope the contents of a vas deferens 



(spermatozoa, Fig. 170), and a muscular fibre (striped). 



11. In a " berried " female, note how the eggs are attached. If 



possible find a. female carrying young and examine them 

 (Fig. 171). 

 Cockroaches are easily caught, in places they infest, with traps sold 

 for the purpose. 

 The Cockroach. 1 . In a living specimen, note the mode of use of the 

 legs and antennae and the movements of the 

 jaws in feeding. 

 2. Note : head, neck, thorax, abdomen ; segments of latter ; 

 eyes, antennae, wings, legs, anal cerci, and in male styles ; 

 terga and sterna ; stigmata. 

 30. Note parts of head in side and front views (Fig. 179). 



b. Remove and examine head appendages (Fig. 1 ' 180). 



These are best seen after boiling in potash to remove soft 

 tissues, and mounting in balsam. 



c. Examine the parts of the hinder end of body in male and in 



female (Figs. 177, 186). 



40. Cut off the wings. Fasten the animal down by pinning or 

 (better) by embedding its under surface in melted paraffin 

 wax and when cool pinning through the wax. Cut through 

 the abdominal and thoracic terga and remove them carefully 

 so as not to injure the heart. Note : heart in pericardium ; 

 fat body ; tracheae (Fig. 407). 



4I). Free alimentary canal from fat body and tracheae and 

 unravel it. Note : oesophagus, crop, proventriculus, chylific 



1 The blood vessels of a freshly killed crayfish may be injected by removing care- 

 fully a small piece of carapace just over the heart, placing into one ostium the point 

 of a fine pipette full of carmine, and pressing gently but steadily. The point of the 

 pipette must not contain bubbles of air. 



