1. SALAMANBRA. 



1. SALAMANSRA. 



Salamandra, Law. Syn. Sept. p. 41 ; Tschudi, Batr. p. 91 ; Gray 



Cat. p. 16 ; Dum. Sr Bibr. ix. p. 49 ; Strauch, Salam. p. 28. 

 Exaeretus, Waga, Bev. Mag. Zool. (3) iv. 1876, p. 326. 



Tongue ratlier large, suboval, free on the sides and sligMly 

 behind. Palatine teeth in two curved series. No fronto-squamosal 

 arch. Toes five. Tail subcylindrical. 



Europo-Asiatie Eegion, Western Subregion. , 



Synopsis of the Species. 



Tail not quite as long as head and body ; blaek 



and yellow 1. macidota, p. 3. 



Tail not quite as long as head and body ; uni- 

 form black 2. atra, p. 4. 



Tail longer than head and body 3. caueasica, p. 5. 



1. Salamandra maculosa. 



Salamandra maculosa, Gh-ag, Cat. p. 16. 

 Lacerta salamandra, Zinn. S, iV. i. p. 371 ; Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. 

 Salamandra maculosa, Laur. Syn. Bept. pp. 42, 151 ; Gravenh. Delia. 



p. 75 ; Bonap. Faun. Ital. ; Dugis, Ann. Sc. Nat. (3) xvii. p. 259 ; 



JJum. 8f Bibr. p. 52 ; De Betta, Mem. 1st. Venet. xi. p. 515 ; Leydig, 



Arch. f. Nat. 1867, p. 239; Stratwh, Salam. p. 30; Fatio, Vert. 



Suisse, iii. p. 491 ; Be Betta, Faun. Ital., Bett. Anf. p. 78 ; Schreib. 



Serp. Fur. p. 75 ; Lataste, Serp. Gir. p. 322. 

 - — maculata, Merr. Tent. p. 185 ; Tschudi, Batr. p. 91. 

 terrestris, Latr. Hist. Salam. p. 32, pi. 1 ; Daud. Bept. viiL 



p. 221, pi. 97. f. 1. 

 Corsica, Sam, Num. Giorn. Tosc. xxxvii. 1838, p. 208 ; Bonap. 



Faun. Ital. ; Dugbs, I. e. p. 258 ; Dum. Sr Bibr. p. 61 ; De Betta, 



Mem. 1st. Venet. xi. p. 520. 



Palatine series forming two elongate J-shaped figures, the branches 

 of which do not meet in front, and extend generally a good deal 

 beyond the line of the choansB ; the shape of these series subject to 

 considerable individual variation. Head rather depressed, about as 

 broad as long, the greatest width at angles of jaws ; snout rounded ; 

 nostril equally distant from the orbit and the tip of the snout ; eye 

 large, prominent; no labial lobes. Body stout, rather depressed, 

 thrice and a third to four times the length of the head ; no crest. 

 Limbs stout; fingers and toes short, depressed, free; carpal and 

 tarsal tubercles indistinct. Tail generally equal to the distance 

 from its base to the angle of the mouth. Vent a longitudinal slit, 

 the borders of which are never much swollen, but more so in the male 

 than in the female. Skin smooth, shining, porous above ; a strong 

 gular fold ; distinct parotoids pierced with large pores ; a series of 

 large pores along each side of the vertebral line ; a lateral series of 

 large warts, and more or less distinct vertical costal grooves ; tail with 

 more or less distinct circular grooves. Black, with yellow markings. 



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