ANIMAL AND PLANT INTELLIGENCE 



the result of an inward impulse or an outward 

 condition. 



With ourselves, emotion arises spontaneously 

 and is not the result of will. We cannot be angry, 

 or joyous, or depressed, or experience the emotion 

 of the beautiful, or of the sublime, or of love, or 

 terror, by mere willing. These emotions arise under 

 certain conditions that are not matters of will or 

 calculation. If a man does not flee from danger, 

 real or imaginary, like an animal, it is because his 

 reason or his pride has stepped in and stopped him. 

 Man's reason shows itself in checking or controlling 

 his emotion, while the lower animals have no such 

 check or stay. A man may think about the danger 

 from which he flees, or about the scene that thrilled 

 him, or of the woman that moved him, but the 

 thinking always follows the emotion, while the 

 horse or the dog flees without stopping to think. 



Without doubt, to me at least, man has climbed 

 up from some lower animal form, but he has, as it 

 were, pulled the ladder up after him. None of man's 

 humbler kindred, even if man were to reach them 

 a hand, or a dozen hands, could now mount to the 

 human plane. 



As there must be a point back along the line 

 of our descent where consciousness began — con- 

 sciousness in the animal and self-consciousness in 

 man — so there must be a point where reason 

 began. If we had all the missing links in the chain, 

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