SANITATION 325 
apron where the hogs emerge from the tank. By keeping the 
hogs a short time on this incline after they come out of the 
tank, a great deal of dip can be saved from waste. (Fig. 88.) 
The tank should contain enough lukewarm water, to which 
the dip has been added, to thoroughly immerse the hogs, the quan- 
tity varying with the size of the hogs. If crude oil is used, 12 to 
15 gallons to a tank of water is sufficient. The hogs should work 
their way through the dip by their rear legs, with their noses just 
out of the water. 
When lice have been in a building for some time, it will 
be necessary to treat the building in practically the same way 
as recommended for disinfection, the disinfectants being also 
good insecticides. 
In treating for lice, one application of insecticides is seldom 
sufficient, because there will be many eggs to hatch out to give 
a new brood. <A second treatment, about a week after the first, 
should always be given, and a third treatment would not be 
out of place. 
Hog Wallows.—Hogs suffer from heat, and enjoy wallowing 
in water or mud. The ordinary wallow becomes very filthy and 
is a good breeding ground for disease. Cement hog wallows, 
located in a shady place, and constructed so as to contain eight or 
ten inches of water, are sanitary and add much to the comfort 
of the pig in hot summer weather. Crude oil or coal tar dip may 
be added to the water in the wallow, and thus help to keep down 
lice, and to promote sanitary conditions. (Fig. 89.) 
REVIEW, 
1. How may cleanliness be secured in a piggery? 
2. Mention several disinfectants and tell how to use them. 
3. Tell of the necessary steps in securing purity of quarters after a 
disease among the hogs. 
4 Mention methods of purifying yards and pastures 
