154 



SEALE. 



into the cans was drawn to a vcj-y minute point so that the air simply 

 bubbled up through the Matci' in a veiy small stream. (S^c fig. 1.) 



Fig. 1. — Apparatus Used in Transporting Black Bass to the Philippine Islands. 



When everything was ready, the fish were placed in si.\ .']8-liter milk 

 cans whieli had previously been scalded and cleaned; about twenty-nine 

 fish being allotted to eacb can. The temperature of the Spring A'alley 

 water in which the fish slniied wa> 11°; that of the air, l(i' : and of the 

 sea-water, 14° 



"We sailed from San Francisco April •"), 1!)(IT. The next morning, 

 while washing down decks, a sailor carelessly alloA\cd some salt water 

 to run into one can and fourteen of the fish therein were dead before 

 we discovcied the cause. IIowc\er, not another fish was lost until we 

 reached Honolulu. The second day out, food in the fonu of hard- 

 boiled eggs, was offered the fish, but they would not eat. In the mean- 

 time the teni])cratiiie of the water in the cans had been increased 

 gradually to '31°, the air was '.^(i", and the sea water ->o° .5. 



AVhen the transport coaled at Honolulu, despite all efforts to prevent it, 

 more or less coal dust sifted into the cans, and six fish died during the 

 two days' stay at that jKH-t. The remaining fish were alive when fl-e 

 reached ilanila, Alay 4, Iwonty-eight days after starting from San 

 Francisco. 



"When we were two days out from Honolulu the fish began to eat. 

 They were fed on chopped crabs secured from the cold storage on the ship. 

 1'hey wcr(.' given a small amount of food once a day, and they ate greedily. 

 Shrimps were substituted occasionally for crabs. 



A large pailful of water \\'as taken from each can every day and 

 replaced by one of fresh water from the ship's reservoir. On every 

 third day each can, after the fish were poured into another, \\as thor- 

 oughly cleaned and scalded in order to prevent the growth of fungus; 

 and every morning and e\euing the excreta and refuse in the bottom 

 of the cans were siphoned out with a rubber pijie IS millimeters in 

 diameter. After leaving Honolulu the temperature of the \vatcr in 



