DOGS : THEIR MANAGEMENT. 451 



out the animal uttering a single cry ; although the mas- 

 ter, unused to such sights, has been seized with sickness 

 so as to require spirits for his restoration. The master 

 being at the head, or an assistant on whom you can 

 depend being at that post ; another placed to keep down 

 the body ; and a third to lay hold of and extend the 

 limb to be operated upon, which must be uppermost ; the 

 animal should be thrown on one side. There it must be 

 allowed to remain until sufficient time has elapsed to 

 calm its natural fears. 



The operator then takes one of Liston's sharp-pointed 

 knives, and thrusts it quite through the flesh, a short dis- 

 tance above the injury; he then with a sawing motion 

 cuts downward and outward till the knife is released. 

 He next impales the member on the other side, keeping 

 the back of the knife, as on the former occasion, as close 

 to the bone as possible, and draws it forth in the same 

 manner. He thus will have two flaps divided by a small 

 notch, which coincides with the breadth of the bone. 

 Through this notch, on the uppermost side, he must pass 

 his knife, cutting upwards and inwards ; thus upon both 

 sides, till the lines made by the knife meet in a point. 

 He will then, supposing the business to have been pro- 

 perly performed, see a bright pink living piece of bone 

 in the centre ; and to cut off so much, or even a little 

 more than is visible, becomes his next object. For this 

 purpose a saw, however fine, is tedious ; because the 

 bone to be cut through is not of sufficient body to allow 

 the operator to put forth his strength, and on that account 



