134 THE MINDS AND MANNERS 



limp body, and from that it fiercely refused to move or to be 

 driven. As an experiment we threw in a lot of leaves, and the 

 guardian promptly raked them over the dead one and stood pat. 



We procured a long pole, and from a safe place on the top 

 of the nearest overhang, a keeper tried to prod or push away the 

 guardian of the dead. The living one snarled, roared, and with 

 savage vigor bit the end of the pole. By the time the bear was 

 finally enticed with food down to the front of the den, and the 

 body removed, seven hours had elapsed. 



Now, what were the ideas and emotions of the bear? One 

 man can answer about as well as another. We think that the 

 living bear realized that something terrible had happened to its 

 cage-mate, — in whom he never before had manifested any guar- 

 dianship interest, — and he felt called upon to defend a friend 

 who was very much down and out. It was the first time that 

 he had encountered the great mystery, Death; and whatever it 

 was, he resented it. 



Case 7. A Terrible Punishment. Once we had a par- 

 ticularly mean and vicious young Adirondack black bear named 

 Tommy. In a short time he became known as Tommy the 

 Terror. We put him into a big yard with Big Ben, from 

 Florida, and two other bears smaller than Ben, but larger than 

 himself. 



In a short time the Terror had whipped and thoroughly 

 cowed Bruno and Jappie. Next he tackled Ben; but Ben's 

 great bulk was too much for him. Finally he devoted a lot of 

 time to bullying and reviling through the bars a big but good- 

 natured cinnamon bear, named Bob, who lived in the next den. 

 In all his life up to that time. Bob had had only one fight. 

 Tommy's treatment of Bob was so irritating to everybody that 

 it was much remarked upon; and presently we learned how Bob 

 felt about it. 



One morning while doing the cage work, the keeper walked 

 through the partition gate from Bob's den into Tommy's. 

 He slammed the iron gate behind him, as usual, but this time the 



