INTRODUCTORY 3 



(1) In Germany, say for the last lOO years, Regulation did 

 not usually start with wild woods, but it found an old business, 

 well established, with areas marked, the forest divided, accessible 

 by roads, with a system of protection, and with records giving 

 experience to build upon. Practically everywhere the Market was 

 established, and the necessity of the work was recognized. Modern 

 Regulation merely established a better system just as modern 

 farm management attempts to help agriculture by improving system. 



e) But what is such a Forest Business as we wish to build 

 up, and develop ? The answer must come from the Old World, and 

 hence the following brief description of a German Forest. 



2. A TYPICAL GERMAN FOREST BUSINESS. 



This "Revier" or Forest looked after by one Forester (Ober- 

 forster) is part of the State Forests of Wiirttemberg, and may be 

 described categorically about as follows : 



Area: about 8000 acres (3205 hectares) ; nearly all in one body. 



Staff of men or Organization : one "Oberforster,'' or Forester 

 and six Rangers ('"Forstwart"). 



Country : Hilly, and easy rolling, gravel and clay lands ; old 

 and well .settled, prosperous. 



Market: Can sell everything even faggot material, average 

 price about 15 cts. per cu. ft. on stump; railway, trunkline, runs 

 through one corner of the forest. 



Labor: Plenty, but demands fair wages and steady work; 

 numerous factories compete for this. 



Roads: A complete network of roads, well located and sur- 

 faced with gravel, connects every tract or lot with the main lines 

 and railway. These roads were built and are maintained by the 

 forest itself. 



Climate : Raw ; cold winters, cool wet summers, excellent for 

 timber, and for agriculture ; heavy wind storms due to proximity 

 to the Alps. 



Forest Protection : Good : the six Rangers patrol daily, all 

 year round ; the people of the district are not only compelled, but 



