lOO FOREST RIvGUr.ATION 



c. Our forests still lack proper protection and will for a long 

 time to come. For this reason large areas of reproduction ( looo 

 acres and more ) of I'ine and other conifers in solid bodies are very 

 unsafe affairs and should be avoided. W'e may expect some serious 

 calamities in this direction. 



Keepins?; in mind these three points, it would seem clear that in 

 most of our larsje forest jiroperties the aim should be in the first 

 cutting' over : To Leave a Forest, to let reproduction come in 

 slowly, under protection and in interrupted areas, groups and 

 patches and so avoid especially the great fire risks. 



3. In districts where stumpage is now valuable, market and 

 transportation good, and growth satisfactory, there is no good 

 reason why more intensive work should not be done. In many areas 

 of this kind it will be far better to clean off the old stand entirely 

 and restock by planting, where best species and proper spacing can 

 be assured. Generally it may be said that wherever stumpage is 

 $10.00 and over and where inferior material can be removed at 

 cost or at some profit, and also where growth per acre and year 

 may he set at 75 cu. ft. of wood, it will now pay to cut clear and 

 plant. These conditions exist today in a large part of the eastern 

 I'nited .States and are rapidly extending everywhere. 



c. Illustrations from Different Forest Regions. 



The following statements are not intended as directions but 

 rather as illustrations of what is under consideration. In every 

 larger region conditions vary and the most intensive as well as the 

 most extensive systems are indicated in practically every forested 

 state in the Union. 



I. The Woodlot of the Farm in the eastern half of the United 

 States. Here the land is usually fair, even good, it is valuable, a 

 large return should therefore he demanded. Labor is ample, market 

 of the best, usually the farm home takes a large part of all that 

 grows, and requires this right along. Work normally starts with a 

 mismanaged, badly over-cut tract, often grazed, with little repro- 

 duction and poor growth. A first cutting over in several years time 

 removes old and defective trees. This should be followed by plant- 

 ing or seeding if necessary to start a satisfactorv stand, .\fter that 



