338 UNGULATA 
Cephalophus.1—One pair of horns, arising far back on the frontals, 
conical, short, angulated at the base, and erect or recurved. Sub- 
orbital gland opening in the form of a slit, or as a row of pores. 
Auditory bulla divided by a distinct septum. Muffle large and moist. 
Tail very short. Head tufted. Upper molars of larger species with 
an accessory internal column. Dorsal vertebre fourteen in number. 
Some sixteen species, confined to southern and tropical Africa. 
The Duikerboks, as the members of this genus are called, are 
among the most graceful of the African Antelopes, the smallest 
species not being larger than a rabbit. The West African C. 
sylvicultor and C. longiceps are the largest species. 
Tetraceros.2-—Two pairs of conical horns, of which the anterior 
are much the smaller. Suborbital gland elongated, and lachrymal 
fossa very large. Upper molars 
(Fig. 140) without accessory internal 
column. One existing Indian species 
(TL. quadricornis). 
The Four-horned Antelope is found 
throughout the peninsula of India in 
jungle. The general colour is brown, 
lighter beneath and on the inside of 
the limbs. Remains of this species 
are found fossil in the cave-deposits 
of Madras, and a small Ruminant from 
the Pliocene of the Siwalik Hills has 
Fic. 140.—Palatal and outeraspects of D€€2 provisionally referred to this 
the three right upper premolars and first QeNus. 
inolar of the Four-horned Antelope (Tetra- Cervicaprine Section, Small or 
ceros quadricornis). From the Paleon- S : 
‘alagiiae Indices large Antelopes now confined to the 
Ethiopian region, with horns present 
only in the males, lachrymal vacuity generally large, more or less 
distinct pits at the apertures of the supraorbital foramina in the 
frontals, and narrow upper molars in which there is no accessory 
internal column. 
Neotragus.*—Distinguished from the next genus by having the 
crown of the head tufted, muzzle hairy, premaxill long and 
reaching the lachrymals, nasals very short, mesethmoid much 
ossified, third lobe of last lower molar either absent or very small, 
and the hinder lobe of the corresponding upper molar much reduced. 
Three species, Salt’s Antelope (N. sultianus), from Abyssinia, 
and also N. kirki and N. damarensis ; the two latter having a small 
third lobe to the last molar. Writing of the first-named species, 
1 Hamilton-Smith, in Grifith’s Animal Kingdom, vol. iv. p. 258 (1827). 
Taken to include Grimmia, Terphone, etc., of Gray. 
* Leach, Zrans. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 524 (1823). 
* Hamilton-Smith, in @rifith’s Animal Kingdom, vol. iv. p. 269 (1827). 
