BOVIDE 339 
Mr. W. T. Blanford! observes that “the Beni-Israel, or Om-dig-dig, 
one of the smallest Antelopes known, abounds on the shores of 
the Red Sea and throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of 
Abyssinia. It is occasionally, but rarely, found at higher eleva- 
tions ; I heard of instances of its being shot both at Serafie and 
Dildi, but it is not often seen above about 6000 feet. It inhabits 
bushes, keeping much to heavy jungle on the banks of water-courses, 
and is usually single, or in pairs, either a male and female or a 
female and young being found together; less often the female is 
accompanied by two young ones, which remain with her until 
full grown.” 
Nanotragus.2-—Horns small, parallel with frontals, and rising 
immediately above postorbital process of frontals, in front of the 
fronto-parietal suture. Lachrymal fossa very large, suddenly 
descending in front of the orbit, and extending on to the 
maxilla; lachrymal vacuity small. Auditory bulla large and 
smooth, without internal septum. Nasals of moderate length. 
Crown of the head smooth; naked part of muffle small; aperture 
of suborbital gland small. Lateral hoofs small or absent. Nine 
species.® 
The typical species is the Royal Antelope (V. pygmeus) of 
Guinea, the smallest existing representative of the Pecora. This 
species, together with N. moschatus and N. tragulus have no lateral 
hoofs, or tufts on the knees. In the Scopophorine group, comprising 
NV. scoparia, N. montanus, and N. hastatus, both these appendages 
are present; while in the Oreotragine group (N. melunotis and 
NV. oreotragus) the former are present and the latter absent. 
Pelea.t—Horns rather small, compressed, upright, scarcely 
diverging, and placed immediately over the orbits. No suborbital 
gland, nor lachrymal fossa; premaxille not reaching nasals. Tail 
short and bushy. Colour uniform. One species—the Rehbok 
(P. capreola), South Africa, is nearly of the size of a Fallow Deer, 
although more resembling a Chamois in build and habits. The 
colour is of a uniform light gray. This animal inhabits bare 
rocky districts, and thus differs widely from the Water-buck and 
its allies. 
Cobus.°—Large Antelopes, with the horns large, elongate, sub- 
lyrate, and ringed at the base, and with rudimentary suborbital 
glands. Skull with a deep frontal hollow, no lachrymal depression, 
1 Geology and Zoology of Abyssinia, p. 268. 
2 Sundevall, Kongl. Vetensk. Akad. Handi. for 1844, p. 191. Taken to 
include Calotragus, Scopophorus, Nesotragus, Pediotragus, and Oreotragus of Gray. 
3 See V. Brooke, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1872, pp. 642 and 875. 
4 Gray, Cat. Ungulate Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 90 (1852). 
®> Andrew Smith, Idlustrations of Zoology of South Africa, No. 12 (1840), 
“Kobus.” Is taken to include Adenota and Onotragus of Gray. 
