RHINOCEROTIDE 405 
shows, was of this species. It was sent from India to Emmanuel, 
King of Portugal, in 1513; and from a sketch of it, taken in 
Lisbon, Albert Diirer composed his celebrated but rather fanciful 
engraving, which was reproduced in so many old books on natural 
history. Both in this and the following species the post-glenoid 
and post-tympanic processes of the squamosal bone of the skull 
unite below so as to completely surround the external auditory 
meatus. The molar teeth are hypsodont, and have a horizontal 
plane of wear; those of the upper jaw (Fig. 168, 0) being charac- 
terised by the presence of a combing-plate joining the crotchet, and 
Fie. 169.—Indian Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros wricornis). This figure, and also figures 170, 172, 
are reduced from drawings by J. Wolf, from animals living in the London Zoological Society’s 
Gardens. 
the absence of a distinct buttress at the antero-external angle. 
The stomach departs from the ordinary Perissodactyle type. The 
small intestine is beset over most of its surface with long and fine 
villi; and the Spigelian lobe of the liver is well developed. There 
is a gland behind the foot. Teeth from the Pleistocene of the 
Narbada valley in India apparently indicate the existence of the 
Indian Rhinoceros at that epoch. (2) The Javan Rhinoceros (R. 
sondaicus, Fig. 170) is a smaller form, readily distinguished by 
dental and internal characters, as well as by the different arrange- 
ment of the plications of the skin (as seen in the figures) ; the horn 
in the female appears to be very little developed, if not altogether 
absent. This species has-a more extensive geographical range, 
being found in the Bengal Sunderbans near Calcutta, Burma, the 
Malay Peninsula, Java, Sumatra, and probably Borneo. The molar 
teeth have shorter crowns than in the preceding species, and wear 
into ridges ; those of the upper jaw (Fig. 168, «) having no combing- 
