VIVERRIDA 537 
Remains of the small H. nipalensis occur in the cavern-deposits 
of Madras. Viverroids from the Miocene and Upper Eocene of 
Europe, which agree with Herpestes in the presence of an inner 
tubercle to the third upper premolar and of a hinder cusp to the 
fourth lower premolar, have been referred to the existing genus. 
The species which have been separated generically under the three 
following names are very closely allied to Herpestes. 
Helogale, premolars 3, without diastema between first and 
second; soles of feet completely naked. Contains two small 
South-African species, H. parvula and H. undulata. 
Bdeogale? contains also two small Ichneumon-like animals, B. 
crassicauda and puisa, differing from Herpestes proper in having only 
four toes on each foot, both pollex and hallux being absent. The 
orbit is nearly complete, the tail of moderate length and rather 
bushy. 
Cynictis.3—Pollex present, but hallux absent. Skull shorter 
and broader than in Herpestes, rather con- 
tracted behind the orbits, which are large 
and complete behind. Face short. An- 
terior chamber of the auditory bulla very 
large. Front claws elongated. C. peni- 
cillata, from South Africa. The cecum 
(Fig. 241) of this genus is longer than in 
any other member of the family. 
All the foregoing Herpestines have 
the nose short, with its under surface 
flat, bald, and with a median longitudinal 
groove. The remaining forms have the 
nose more or less produced, with its under 
side convex, and a space between the 
nostrils and the upper lip covered with 
close adpressed hairs, and without any . 
median groove. Fic. 241.— Cxecum 0 Cynictis 
coma pee 5-5. Claws of fore pg ore aia oo 
feet short, compressed, acute. Under sur- 
face of tarsus hairy. Palate flat. Founded on a single specimen 
from East Africa, 2. melleri. 
Crossarchus.-—Dentition : ¢ 3, ¢4, p 3, m 3; total 36. Snout 
elongated. Toes 5-5. Claws on fore feet long and curved. 
Hallux very short. Under surface of tarsus naked. ‘Tail shorter 
than the body, tapering. Palate flat. Fur harsh. Species: C. 
1 Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 308. 
2 Peters, Mith. Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin, 19th November 1850. 
3 Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 18338, p. 48. 
4 Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 573. 
5 FB. Cuvier, Hist. Nat. des Mammiferes, No. 199 (1825). 
