eek CARNIVORA 
and tail, distinguished from all other Dogs by the reduction of the 
molar teeth to 1, and their comparatively small size. The lower 
carnassial is also characterised by the loss of the inner cusp of the 
blade, and the secant form of its hind talon; both these features 
indicating a specialised type. Remains of the Bush-Dog are found 
in the Pleistocene cavern-deposits of Brazil, and were originally 
described under the name of Sjesthos. 
Otocyon.1—Dentition: i 3,¢ 4, p 4+, m Sort total 46 or 48. 
The molar teeth are thus in excess of any other living heterodont © 
Fic. 253.—The Cape Hunting Dog (Lycaon. pictus). 
mammal. They have the same general characters as in Cis, 
with very pointed cusps. The lower carnassial shows little of its 
typical characters, having five cusps on the surface; these can, 
however, be identified as the inner cusp, the two greatly reduced 
and obliquely placed lobes of the blade, and two cusps on the talon. 
The skull generally resembles that of the smaller Foxes, particu- 
larly the Fennecs. The auditory bulle are very large. The hinder 
edge of the mandible has a very peculiar form, owing to the 
great development of an expanded, compressed, and somewhat 
inverted subangular process. Vertebre: C7,D13,L 7,83, C 22. 
Ears very large. Limbs rather long. Toes 5-4. One species, 
O. megalotis, from South Africa, rather smaller than a common Fox. 
Professor Huxley looks upon this as the least differentiated or 
most primitive existing form of the family, regarding the presence 
> Lichtenstein, Wiegmann’s Archiv. 1838, vol. i, p. 290. 
