620 INSECTIVORA 
species, G. raffest and G. suilla, from the Malay Penisula and Indian 
Archipelago. The former has the appearance of a large Rat with a 
long tail and head and projecting mobile snout ; the latter, which is 
much smaller, with a short tail and small third upper premolar, has 
long been known under the name of Hylomys suillus, and classed 
with the Tupatide. Both species present a very generalised type 
of dentition, in this respect occupying an almost central position in 
the order. G. suilla is represented in Mount Kina-Balu, Borneo, by 
a variety characterised by the presence of a dark dorsal streak. 
Many zoologists prefer to retain Hylomys as a distinct genus. 
Subfamily Erinaceine.—Palate imperfectly ossified; pelvis 
wide ; fur with spines. 
Erinaceus.\—Dentition : i 3, ¢4,p 3, m3; total 36. The first pair 
of upper incisors (Fig. 285) are considerably larger than the others, 
and are widely 
separated from one 
another in the 
middle line; the 
canine is very simi- 
lar to the third in- 
cisor ; and, except 
in E. europeus (Fig. 
285), each of these 
\ teeth is inserted by 
\i two distinct roots 
(Fig. 280, p. 610). 
Fia. 285.—Right lateral aspect of the anterior portion of the The first lower in- 
Dobson, Pro, Zoek oe. 1851,p- 408) Te Pm cisor is large and 
proclivous. The 
number of vertebra is C 7, D 15, L 6, 8 3, © 11. 
The Hedgehogs comprise nearly twenty species, distributed 
throughout Europe, Africa, and the greater part of Asia, but not 
found in Madagascar, Ceylon, Burma, Siam, the Malay Peninsula, 
or Australia. All the species resemble one another in the armature 
of spines investing the upper surface and sides of the body ; and 
all possess the power of rolling themselves up into the form of 
a ball, protected on all sides by the strong spines; the dorsal 
integument being brought downwards and inwards over the head 
and tail, so as to include the limbs also, by the action of special 
muscles. The common Hedghog (£. europeus) is the most aberrant 
species, differing from all the rest in the peculiarly shaped and 
single-rooted third upper incisor and canine (Fig. 285), and in its 
very coarse, harsh fur. The dentition of the long-eared North 
Indian form, £. collaris (Fig. 280), may be considered characteristic 
of all the other species, the only important. differences being found 
* Linn, Syst. Nat. 12th ed. vol. i. p. 75 (1766). 
