654 CHIROPTERA 
maxille separate in front; nostrils simple; muzzle short; index 
finger without a claw; tail short. Includes one species, having 
the same distribution as Harpyia. The wing-membrane arises from 
the middle line of the back, to which it is attached by a longitudinal 
very thin process of the integument; the wings are quite naked, 
but the back covered by them is clothed with hair. 
Pteralopex.'—External characters as in Pteropus ; ears short and 
hairy; wings arising from the middle line of the back. Muzzle 
very short; plane of orbit directed more upwards than in Pteropus ; 
orbit surrounded by bone ; sagittal crest strongly developed. Teeth 
cuspidate; upper incisors with broad posterior ledges; upper 
canine short and thick, with a stout secondary cusp in the middle 
of the posterior border, and two smaller postero-internal basal 
cusps; cheek-teeth short and broad, with their anterior and 
posterior basal ledges so developed and the main cusps so nearly 
conical as to obliterate the longitudinal grooving of Pteropus. 
Lower incisors very disproportionate, the outer pair being nearly 
twenty times the bulk of the inner ; lower canine stout, with a simple 
posterior basal ledge. Represented by P. atrata of the Solomon 
Islands. As already mentioned, Mr. Thomas regards the dentition 
of this genus as the most generalised type found in the suborder. 
Subfamily Carponyeteriinz.—Facial part of skull much pro- 
duced ; molars narrow, and scarcely raised above the gum; and 
the tongue exceedingly long, attenuated in the anterior third, and 
armed with long recurved papille near the tip. 
Notopteris.s—Dentition : 7 2, ¢ 4, p 2, m 2; total 28. Index 
finger without a claw; wings arising from the middle line of the 
back ; tail long; first upper premolar long, with two roots. The 
single representative of the genus, NV. macdonaldi, inhabits the Fiji 
Islands, Aneiteum Island, and New Guinea. It is at once distin- 
guished from all other Bats of this family by the length of its tail, 
which is nearly as long as the forearm. 
Eonycteris.2—Dentition: 1 2,¢ 4, p $,m 3; total 34. First upper 
premolar small, with a single root. This genus is likewise repre- 
sented by a single species (Z. spelwa), from the Farm Caves, Moul- 
mein, Burma, which has somewhat the appearance of Xantharpyia ; 
but the absence of a claw to the index finger and the characteristic 
tongue and teeth at once distinguish it. 
Carponycteris* and Melonycteris,® each with a single species, are 
closely allied ; the index finger in both has a claw, and the number 
of the teeth is the same as in Konycteris. Carponycteris minima is 
1 0. Thomas, Ann. Jfag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. i. p. 155 (1888). 2 Gray, 
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1859, p. 36. 3 Dobson, Journ. As. Soe. Bengal, vol. xlii. 
p. 204 (1873). + New name: Syn. Iacroglossus, F. Cuvier, Dents des 
Mammiferes, p. 40 (1825). Preoccupied by Macroglossum, Scopoli, 1777. 
5 Dobson, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 119. 
