674 CHIROPTERA 
Trachyops, Phylloderma, Phyllostoma, Anthorhina,) M mon, Hemiderma 3 
and Rhinophylla, all, with the exception of the last, being distinguished 
from one another chiefly by the form of the skull and the presence 
or absence of the second lower premolar. 
Trachyops, Phylloderma, and the three 
last-named genera are each represented 
by a single species. Phyllostoma has- 
tatum, in which the forearm has a 
length of 3°2 inches, and next in point 
of size to J“ampyrus spectrum, is a well- 
known species in South America; P. 
elongatum (Fig. 319) differs in its smaller 
size and much larger nose-leaf. Hemz- 
. derma brevicauda is a small species, 
Fig, 819.—Head of Phyllostoma elon- which forms a connecting link between 
gatum. (From Dobson, Proc. Zool. Soc. és eS ese 5% 
1866.) this and the next division. Ahinophyllu 
pumilio, the smallest known species 
of the family, is further distinguished by the narrowness of its 
molars, which do not form W-shaped cusps, and by the very small 
size of the last upper molar; characters connecting it with the 
Stenodermatine division. 
In the second or Glossophagine division of the subfamily the 
muzzle is long and narrow; the tongue remarkably long and exten- 
sible, much attenuated towards the tip, and beset with very long 
filiform recurved papille ; lower lip with a wide groove above, and 
in front margined by small warts; nose-leaf small; tail short or 
absent. Dentition: i 4, ¢ 3, p =i m <3 ; teeth very narrow ; 
molars with narrow W-shaped cusps, sometimes indistinct or absent ; 
lower incisors very small or deciduous. 
The ten species included in this division are arranged under 
seven genera,’ distinguished principally by differences in the form 
and number of the teeth and the presence’ or absence of the 
zygomatic arch. The form and position of the upper incisors are 
extremely variable. In Glossophaga and Phyllonycteris the upper 
incisors form, as in the Vampyrine division, a continuous row between 
the canines; in JMonophylla and Leptonycteris* they are separated 
into pairs by a narrow interval in front; while in Lonchoglossi, 
Glossonycteris, and Cheronycteris they ave widely separated and placed 
in pairs near the canines. In the first four genera the lower incisors 
are present (at least up to a certain age), while in the last three 
' New name: Syn. Zylostoma ; Gervais, 1855. Preoceupied by Sharpe, 1849. 
2 Gervais, Castlenau’s Exped,-Zool, p. 48 (1855): Syn. Carollia, Gray, 1888. 
Preoceupied by Carolia, Cantraine, 1837, 3 The references to the genera of 
this and the following division will be found in Dobson’s Cataloyue. + New 
name: Syn. Jschnoglossa, Saussure, 1860. Preoccupied by Kraatz, 1856, 
