288 BOTANY. 



members of the Gamopetalse. And so the Passion-flowers, 

 Eoses, Lupines, Wistarias, Mallows, Camellias, Pinks, 

 Violets, Mignonettes, Poppies, Water-lilies, Buttercups, 

 and Columbines may be taken as representatives of the 

 ornamental Choripetalse. 



541. Economically the Dicotyledons are of very great 

 importance to civilized man. Thus valuable timber trees 

 occur among the Magnolias, Tulip-trees, Willows, Poplars, 

 Lindens, Elms, Hackberries, Plane-trees, Maples, Walnuts, 

 Hickories, Oaks, Beeches, Chestnuts, Birches, Ashes, and 



Fig. 175.— Flower-cluster of the Pear (Pirua communis). 



Catalpas. Pood-products are supplied by Turnips, Rad- 

 ishes, Cabbage, Buckwheat, Apples, Pears, Strawberries, 

 Blackberries, Easpberries, Plums, Peaches, Cherries, Beans, 

 Peas, Cucumbers, Melons, Squashes, Pumpkins, Grapes, 

 Parsnips, Carrots, Huckleberries, Cranberries, Olives, 

 Sweet Potatoes, Potatoes, Tomatoes, Coffee, Artichokes. 

 To the Dicotyledons also the world is indebted for that 

 exceedingly valuable substance India-rubber, which is 

 obtained from the milky juice of several tropical trees 



