328 BOTANY. 



Family lacistemaoese ; Sbrubs and trees Tvitli alternate leaves ; 

 perianth ; stamen 1 ; pistil 3- or 2-carpellary. (Sp. 16.) 



Family Nepenthacese (Pitcher-leaves) ; Undershrubs with pitcher- 

 shaped leaves ; sepals 4 or 3 ; petals ; stamens 4-16 ; pistil 4- to 3- 

 carpellary. (Sp. 31.) 



SUB-ORDBE PoLTGALAl-BS : Pistil mostly of two united carpels, 2- 

 celled ; stamens as many or twice as many as the petals ; seed endo- 

 spermous. 



Family Pittosporaoese : Trees and shrubs with alternate leaves ; 

 sepals, petals, and stamens 5 each. (Sp. 90.) 



Family Tremandracese : Small shrubs with alternate, opposite, or 

 whorled leaves ; sepals and petals 8, 4, or 5 each ; stamens twice as 

 many. (Sp. 27.) 



Family Polygalacese (Milkworts) : Herbs, shrubs, and trees with 

 alternate leaves ; sepals 5 ; petals 3-5; stamens usually 8. (Sp. 470.) 



Family Vochysiaceae : Shrubs and trees with opposite or whorled 

 leaves ; sepals 5 ; petals 1, 3, or 5 ; stamens several, usually but one 

 fertile. (Sp. 130.) 



SuB-OEDEK Cartophtllalbs : Pistil usually of 8 or more united 

 carpels, mostly 1-celled, with a free central placenta and many ovules 

 (sometimes reduced to a one-celled, one-ovuled ovary) ; stamens as 

 many or twice as many as the petals ; seeds endospermous, usually 

 with a curved embryo. 



Family Frankeniacese : Herbs and undershrubs with opposite 

 leaves ; petals 4-5, long-stalked ; ovules many on 3-4 parietal pla- 

 centae. (Sp. 33.) 



Family Caryophyllacese (The Pinks) : Herbs (and shrubs) with op- 

 posite leaves ; petals 3-5, stalked or not ; ovules many on a central 

 placenta. (Sp. 1100.) 



Family Tamarisoaoeae (Tamarisks) : Shrubs and herbs with minute 

 alternate leaves ; petals 5 ; ovules many on central or parietal pla- 

 centae. (Sp. 45.) 



Family Salioacese (The Willows) : Shrubs and trees with alternate 

 leaves ; perianth ; ovules many on 3-4 parietal placentae. (Sp. 

 178.) 



Family Ficoideae; Herbs and shrubs with alternate, opposite, or 

 whorled leaves ; petals indefinite or ; seeds many on parietal pla- 

 centae, or 1 and erect. (Sp. 590.) 



Family Nyctaginaceae (Four-o'clocks) : Herbs and shrubs with 

 opposite leaves ; petals 0; sepals petaloid ; ovule 1, erect. (Sp 

 130.) 



Family Illecebraceae : Herbs (and shrubs) with opposite leaves ■ 

 petals scale like or 0; ovule 1, erect or pendulous. (Sp. 90.) 



Family Amaranthaceae (Amaranths) : Herbs, shrubs (and trees) 



