SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF ANGI0SPEBM8. 331 



Family Empetraoese (Crowberries) : Heath-like shrubs with small 

 leaves ; flowers small, mostly dioecious, solitary or in heads ; petals 

 present ; stamens 3 to 3, 3- to 3-celled ; pistil 3- to many-celled ; seeds 

 solitary, endospermoas. (Sp. 4.) 



Family Urticaoese (Nettleworts) : Herbs, shrubs, and trees with 

 alternate or opposite leaves ; flowers mostly diclinous, without 

 petals ; stamens few, 3-celled ; pistil monocarpellary, 1-celled, mostly 

 1-seeded ; endosperm none. (Sp. 1560.) 



Family Platanaceae (Plane trees) : Trees with alternate leaves and 

 monoecious flowers in globular heads ; perianth ; pistils 1-celled, 

 1-ovuled ; endosperm minute. (Sp. 6.) 



Family Leitneriacese : Shrubs with alternate leaves and dioecious 

 flowers in catkins ; perianth minute or ; pistil 1-celled, 1-ovuled ; 

 endosperm minute. (Sp. 3.) 



Family Ceratophyllaoese (Hornworts) : Aquatic herbs with verti- 

 cillate, divided leaves ; flowers dioecious ; perianth ; pistil 1-celled, 

 1-ovuled ; endosperm 0. (Sp. 3.) 



Family Piperacese (Peppers) : Herbs, shrubs, and trees with alter- 

 nate (or opposite) leaves ; flowers perfect or diclinous, mostly spicate ; 

 perianth ; pistil 1-celled, 1-ovuIed ; endosperm present. (Sp. 

 1035.) 



Family Podostemacese (Podostemads) : Small aquatic, sometimes 

 thallose, plants ; flowers perfect or diclinous ; perianth ; pistil 1- to 

 3-celled; ovules many ; endosperm 0. (Sp. 116.) 



Oedeb 48. HETEEOMEK.E. Heteeomebais. 



Flowers usually gamopetalous ; pistil of 3 or more united carpels, 

 its ovary generally superior ; ovules usually with but one coat ; s'ta- 

 mens as many or twice as many as the corolla-lobes. 



SuB-ORDBB PeimxtIjALES : Flowers regular, mostly perfect ; sta- 

 mens mostly opposite to the corolla-lobes ; ovary pluricarpellary, 

 mostly 1-celled, with a free central placenta. 



Family Plumbaginaoese (Leadworts) : Herbs with alternate or clus- 

 tered leaves ; stamens opposite the petals ; ovule 1 , basal, anatro- 

 pous ; fruit capsular ; dehiscence valvate or irregular. (Sp. 335.) 



Family Plantaginaceae (Plantains) : Herbs with alternate or clus- 

 tered leaves ; stamens alternate with the petals ; ovary mostly 3- 

 celled ; ovules many ; placentae axile ; fruit a capsule dehiscing cir- 

 cumscissilly. (Sp. 200.) 



Family Primulacese (Primroses) : Herbs with alternate or opposite, 

 sometimes clustered, leaves ; stamens opposite the petals ; ovules 

 many ; fruit a capsule dehiscing longitudinally from the apex or 

 circumscissilly. (Sp. 315.) 



