Application op the Exploitabilities. 59 



tion at all is to be paid to the loss of growth which the uuderwood 

 sutfers from the cover of tlie crowns overhead, as it sinks ' into insigni- 

 ficance before the enhaaced utility of the produce of the standards^ 

 which are, by their very nature, infinitely more valuable. Thus the 

 copse below is cut as late as possible, and tlie standards that are 

 preserved for the production of timber, one by one at the age of the 

 Qualitative Exploitability of each. But we cannot evidently work 

 in the direction of National Exploitability except by increasing tlie 

 number of the standards. 



In our opinion it would be useless to call attention here to ex- 

 ceptional aud special cases ; in every such case, the question of the 

 Exploitability to adopt can be determined with certaintj- by the aid 

 of the general principles we have laid down. Thus it is easy to 

 understand that every proprietor may have, uiuler certain circum- 

 stances, to maintain a protective fringe or even large block of trees. 

 It is obvious that in a forest of the Cluster Pine (Pinus Pinaster), in 

 which the process of tapping for resin is in full operation, the crop 

 must be so thinned that each tree may be quite separate from its 

 neighbours, without standing too far apart from them, and that it is 

 only by a careful balancing of profit and loss that we can determine 

 the age at which the stock should be renewed. 



It is now easy to see that the ideas of Regime and Exploitabi- 

 lity are too intimately connected together to be fully considered 

 apart. The application af the one or the other ought to secure the 

 same end, viz. the production, by treating any given forest in the right 

 way, of what suits best the interests of its proprietor. Hence in or- 

 ganising a forest the Rt^glme, the Method of Treatment and the 

 kind of Exploitability to apply to it or, as it sometimes happens, 

 to its various parts separately, must be considered and determined 

 conjointly. 



