The Upright System. 



45 



left to form the top of the following year. The 

 .two stabs from which the renewal canes are to 

 grow for the second year's top are seen in the cen- 

 ter. In the fall of the next year, therefore, these 

 two outside canes will be cut away to the base of 



14. HIGH RENKWAL, PRUNED. 



these renewal stubs ; and the renewal canes, in the 

 meantime, will have made a year's growth. These 

 renewal stubs in this picture are really spurs> as 

 will be seen; that is, they contain two ages of 

 wood. It is the purpose, however, to remove these 

 stubs or spurs every two or three years at most, 



