20 



kept :— A table knife, tumscrew or chisel, goose or duck wing, 

 tin of petroleum jelly, bottle of carbolic solution (180), sub- 

 duing cloth (48) in tin, and stick for cloth, spare frames con- 

 taining comb or foundation, veil, sleevelets, note book, and 

 smoker, if used. 



Queen excluder zinc (Fig. 1) is sheet zinc perforated with 

 oblong holes, through which the worker 

 48. Queen Excluder, bees can, but the mated queen and drones 

 Zinc, cannot, pass. Its use is to confine the 



queen to the brood chamber or to a parti- 

 cular portion of the brood chamber. 



The extractor (E . Fig. 15) is a machine by means of which honey 

 may be removed by centrifugal action from 

 49. The Extractor, the comb, which may then be returned to 

 the hive to be refilled (124). There are a 

 number of different patterns of extractors on the market, all 

 constructed more or less on the same principle, but varying 

 considerably in price. It will suffice to describe shortly the 

 extractor depicted in Fig. 15, known as the " C. D. B." pat- 

 tern. It consists of a tinned iron cylinder about 18 inches in 

 diameter and about 27 inches high ; the bottom of the cylinder 

 is in shape a raised cone! A steel spindle, cupped at the upper 

 end, is rigidly fixed in the centre of the cone, above which it 

 projects about 2 inches. Two movable cages (C, Fig. 

 15), having open-meshed wire fronts, and each capable of 

 holding one frame or six one-pound sections, are held 

 in an iron frame-work (F, Fig. 15) fixed to a vertical 

 spindle, the base of which is shaped to rest in and re- 

 volve on the cup of the lower fixed spindle, and the upper 

 end of which is held in a vertical position by a flat movable 

 horizontal bar attached by wing nuts to the handle castings. 

 A small detachable cranked handle fits on the top of the cage 

 spindle, and serves to give the necessary rotary motion to the 

 cage frame. A treacle tap is fitted to the lowest portion of the 

 cylinder for the withdrawal of extracted honey. The whole 

 apparatus can be readily taken asunder for cleaning. The 

 cylinder is of sufficient capacity to permit of extraction being 

 proceeded with until about 70 lbs. of honey has been extracted. 

 The top of the cylinder is fitted with a movable wooden cover, 

 made in two pieces. The cheaper pattern extractors are not 

 recommended. 



The ripener (E, Fig. 15) is a tinned iron cylinder about 19 inches 



in depth, by about SJ inches in diameter, 



50. Eipener. and fitted with a treacle tap at the base. 



Its use is to hold extracted honey while 



ripening (124). Unripe honey being lighter than ripe honey, 



the latter gradually settles below the former and can be drawn 



off by the tap. 



