18 THE LIVE STOCK INDUSTRY 



This work represents the result of judgment and selection 

 of animal form through which a gradual and persistent 

 improvement has been made possible. It may be com- 

 pared to two animals with widely varying marks of merit, 

 the one representing the acme of modern development, 

 and the other an animal of the same breed a decade prior. 

 These visual pictures enabled the breeder to foresee what 

 proper moulding of animal form would bring a decade hence. 

 The breeders who, through their superlative genius, brought 

 about these improvements are among the highest and most 

 renowned judges of animal form. They not only painted 

 visual pictures of what art later accomplished, but they 

 were able to recognize readily the good and the bad and 

 thereby eliminate the unpromising from their future breeding 

 work. This is the same principle by which a modern 

 judge selects the ideal type in a class and graduates the 

 remainder of the animals in their respective positions or 

 order of merit. 



Fields for Development. — The subject of live stock judging 

 and selection may be divided into two distinct divisions, 

 the one representing the pure breeds of live stock used 

 for foundation or reproductive and improvement purposes; 

 and the other animals possessing commercial attributes as 

 found in these breeds, either in the pure bred, cross bred or 

 grade form when grouped in their proper type or market 

 classes. Breeds represent the product of definite foundation 

 blood, soil, climate, feede, certain objects or purposes and 

 the fancy of the various constructive breeders. While 

 in most instances in the various types and classes of stock 

 several breeds may conform closely to a specific purpose, 

 almost invariably there are special characteristics which 

 make one or the other excel under changed environment, 

 purpose or condition. They may do likewise from the stand- 

 point of market requirements which should be the nucleus 

 of all li-\'e stock improvement. It is this last analysis of 

 an animal in ascribing its fitness for work or for the block 

 in which the majority of stockmen are interested. Breed 

 type is important to the producer of pure bred breeding 

 stock, but market type is of greater importance to the pro- 



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