CHAPTER II. 



RELATION OF STRUCTURE TO ANIMAL JUDGING. 



In animal judging there are special fundamental attributes 

 or attainments, the value of which must be fixed or measured 

 in terms of the animal mechanism to be defined or studied. 

 Without a knowledge of these fundamental problems and 

 their relation to the particular type of animal involved 

 judging and selection of live stock would be at best a hap- 

 hazard undertaking. The following representation of these 

 fundamentals is not exhaustive, yet it emphasizes the impor- 

 tance of having a knowledge of the specialized foundation 

 structure and its correlated parts. 



PURPOSE OF ANIMAL MECHANISM. 



The purpose of animal mechanism varies widely. Animals 

 are produced for draft, speed, show, pleasure, meat, milk,, 

 and wool. In certain instances these purposes or uses 

 may be combined in the same animal, as described subse- 

 quently. In the first four instances, wherein special reference 

 is made to the horse, the general form of the machine is 

 the same, although the purpose or adaptation is at a wide 

 variance. The difference is largely in the details of structure, 

 the mastery of which constitutes one of the main funda- 

 mentals of animal judging. 



Meat is ordinarily obtained from three sources in domesti- 

 cated animals. However, that of the best quality is a pro- 

 duct of an animal bred specially for the purpose. The beef 

 animal, the fat and bacon hog, and the mutton sheep produce 

 what may be termed a specific product. Milk is obtained 

 from an animal differing more widely in form and mechanism 

 than any of those classed as food-producing animals. Meat 

 obtained from a milk-producing animal may be classed as a 

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