270 JUDGING BEEF AND DUAL PURPOSE CATTLE 



associated with this attribute, although not to the extent 

 of depreciating the normally accepted qualification. Any 

 indication of nervousness in a beef animal is seriously 

 objectionable, although some excellent beef animals are dis- 

 posed to have this fault. Such a condition is antagonistic 

 to rapid fleshing qualities. Breeding animals should possess 

 a bold, stylish carriage, although the temperament should be 

 lymphatic, thus indicating easy handling and management. 

 A sluggish temperament is very objectionable. 



Sex Characteristics. — The sex of a breeding animal should 

 be shown by a glance at the head and neck. The bull 

 should be strong in the head, although there should be 

 every evidence of style and refinement. The neck should 

 be short, thick, and the crest well developed, although not 

 to a disproportionate extent. The body should be broad, 

 deep, long and compact, indicating the transmission of 

 weight and early maturing qualities. Indication of feminine 

 characters should be disqualifying marks. Delicacy of 

 constitution and lack of capacity are serious faults. 



The head of the female should be finer and cleaner cut 

 than in the male. Any indication of masculinity is very 

 objectionable. There should be an expression of refinement 

 in the head which should characterize the entire animal. 

 There should be no indication of crest development. The 

 head, neck and shoulders should be on a level, there being 

 neither a rise nor a depression in the lines of these parts. 

 The mammary system should be well developed, although in 

 beef animals it is not expected that extraordinary evidences 

 of milk-producing capacity will be present. There should 

 be sufficient development, however, to nourish the calf 

 until its growth and development can be cared for otherwise. 

 Evidences of masculinity in the male and femininity in the 

 female should be readily apparent. 



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