BREED CHARACTERISTICS 305 



Points. 

 Brought forward . . 23 



Body — 13 Points. 



Back: strong and straight, chine lean, sharp and . open- 

 jointed . 4 



Loin: broad, strong and level .... . .2 



Ribs: long, broad, wide apart and well sprung . 3 



Abdomen: capacious, deep, firmly held up with strong mus- 

 cular development . . . . 3 



Flank: thin and arching ... 1 



Hindquarters — 11 Points. 



Rump: wide, level, long from hooks to pin-bones, a reason- 

 able pelvic arch allowed .... . .3 



Hooks: wide apart and not projecting above back nor 



unduly overlaid with fat . . 2 



Pin-bones: high, wide apart . . . . 1 



Thighs: thin, long and wide apart . 2 



Tail: fine, long and set on level with back 1 



Legs and Feel: legs strong, short, straight, when viewed 

 from behind and set well apart; shanks fine and smooth, 

 joints firm, feet medium size, round, solid, and deep . 2 



Udder — 22 Points. 



Long, wide, deep but not pendulous or fleshy; firmly 

 attached to the body, extendmg well up behind and far for- 

 ward; quarters even; sole nearly level and not indented 

 between teats; udder veins well developed and plainly 

 visible . . . 22 



Teats — 8 Points. 



Evenly placed, distance apart from side to side equal to 

 half the breadth of udder, from back to front equal to one- 

 third the length; length 21 to 3j inches, thickness in 

 keeping with length, hanging perpendicular and not taper- 

 ing . . .8 



Mammary Veins — 5 Points. 



Large, long, tortuous, branching and entering large orifices 5 

 Escutcheon — 2 Points. 



Distinctly defined, spreading over thighs and extending well 

 upward . . . . . . 2 



Color — 2 Points. 



Red of any shade, brown, or these with white; mahogany and 

 white, or white; each color distinctly defined. (Brindle 

 markings allowed but not desirable.) . . 2 



Covering — 6 Points. 



Skin: medium thickness, mellow and elastic 3 



Hair: soft and fine .2 



Secretions: oily, of rich brown or yellow color . 1 



Style— 4 Points. 



Alert, vigorous, showing strong character; temperament 

 incUned to nervousness but still docile 4 



Weight— 4 Points. 



At maturity not less than one thousand pounds . . 4 



Total 100 



20 



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