A HISTORY OF YORKSHIRE 



to Durham. More than a century earlier, during the inroads which destroyed 

 the early Saxon monasteries, they had visited Yorkshire, and after wandcrmg 

 through the northern dales, had made a temporary stay at Crayke, near 

 Easingwold, which King Ecgfrith had given to St. Cuthbert." 



In I002 Wulfstan II, a monk of Ely," succeeded to York and Worces- 

 ter. He has left us, in his homily to the English, a vivid picture of the days 

 of the later Danish persecutions, coloured with grief at the distress of his 

 country." He died in 1023 ; but, in 1016, the arrangement by which York 

 and Worcester were held together seems to have come to an end ; for a bishop 

 was then appointed to Worcester.*' Wulfstan's successor at York, iElfric 

 Puttoc, was appointed Bishop of Worcester by Harthacnut in 1040, but was 

 ejected next year to make room for the bishop whom he had supplanted." 

 iElfric who had been provost of the monastery of Winchester, went to Rome 

 in 1026, and received the pall from John XIX. He took part in the coro- 

 nation of Edward the Confessor in 1043. In his own diocese he was a 

 benefactor to the college of secular priests at Beverley, whose authentic 

 history begins with his translation of the body of St. John, and his gifts of 

 land to the foundation.^" He died at Southwell, and was buried at Peter- 

 borough.^^ The next archbishop, Kinsius or Cynesige (1051-60), continued 

 iElfric's work at Beverley." Under these prelates, monks by education, the 

 secular churches of the diocese flourished. Ealdred, who became archbishop 

 in 1060, had been a monk of Winchester and Abbot of Tavistock, and was 

 consecrated Bishop of Worcester in 1046." Nicholas II, who granted him 

 the pall after some demur, seems to have made his resignation of the sec of 

 Worcester a condition of the grant.^* What Worcester lost in Ealdred it 

 gained in St. Wulfstan, whom Ealdred consecrated in 1062." The church 

 of York had not recovered the losses which the Danes had inflicted on it 

 during the past two centuries ; and Ealdred kept twelve manors from the 

 possessions of the see of Worcester for himself and his expenses." His 

 statesmanship was of service to him with WiUiam I ; and he was the leader 

 of the company which proffered submission to the Conqueror at Berkhamp- 

 stead. He had crowned Harold : he crowned William and Queen Maud. 

 But, in 1069, the arrival of the Danish fleet in the Humber, and the defection 

 of Eadgar the Atheling and Waltheof, caused him such anxiety that he died 



" Symeon of Durham, followed by Hoveden (jChrin. [Rolls Scr.], i, 42), gives the date of the first 

 wanderings of St. Cuthbert's body as lasting from 875 to 882. The final removal to Durham took place 

 in 995. 



" Stubbs, Hist. CA. York (Rolls Ser.), ii, 342. Flor. Worcester, an. 1023, &c., says that he was buried 

 at Ely. Flor. Worcester, Hoveden, and Wendover call him an abbot. 



" ' Sermo Lupi ad Anglos quando Dani maxime persecuti sunt eos, quod fuit in dies ^Ethelredi regis.' 

 Hatton MS. in Bodl. (Jun. 99) is the most perfect copy. 



" Flor. Worcester, sub anno. 



^ Ibid, sub anno 1040. 



"> Stubbs, Hist. Ch. York (Rolls Ser.), ii, 343. 



" Stubbs (ibid.), Hoveden, Wendover, and Flor. Worcester give the date of iElfric's death as 105 1 } 

 Angl.-Sax. Chron., an. 1050, gives the day as 22 Jan. 



" Stubbs, Hut. Ch. York (Rolls Ser.), ii, 344. 



" Flor. Worcester, Hoveden, Wendover, sub anno. 



" See letter of Nicholas II, Hist. Ch. York (Rolls Ser.), iii, J seq. The story of Ealdred's visit to Rome 

 is told in Stubbs, Hist. Ch. York (Rolls Ser.), ii, 346, 347. 



" Flor. Worcester, sub anno. Stigand was under interdict ; but it was to Stigand, not to Ealdred, that 

 Wulfstan made his profession of obedience ; and Ealdred disclaimed any purpose of extorting submission from him. 



" Stubbs, Hist. Ch. York (Rolls Ser.), ii, 348. 



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